Muscles of the mastication

Question 1

מה זה בלוטת הפרוטיד?

Answer 1

בלוטת הרוק!!!

Question 2

M. masseter תיאור?

Answer 2

This powerful muscle is separated into two layers by fibrous septae. The fibers of the
superficial part run caudo-ventrally, while those of the deep part run dorso-ventrally. The
muscle projects beyond the caudal and ventral borders of the mandible.

Question 3

M. masseter origin?

Answer 3

Origin: Superficial part: Ventral surface of the rostral half of the zygomatic arch.
Deep part: Ventral surface of the caudal half of the zygomatic arch.

Question 4

M. masseter insertion?

Answer 4

Insertion: The Fossa masseterica of the mandible and lateral surface of the Proc. oronoideus (excepting the dorsal and rostral edges); it extends ventrally to cover the insertion of the M. pterygoideus medialis.

Question 5

M. masseter function?

Answer 5

Function: Closure of the mouth by raising the mandible

Question 6

M. temporalis תיאור?

Answer 6

The temporal muscle occupies the Fossa temporalis and is the largest and strongest muscle of the head. In dolichocephalic breeds, the muscle bulges dorsal to the external sagittal crest; the left and right muscles meet, but are separated by a distinct median groove.
In brachycephalic breeds, however, the muscles generally do not reach the median plane

Question 7

M. temporalis origin?

Answer 7

Origin: Parietal (mainly), frontal and temporal bones. The area of attachment is bounded by the external sagittal crest, orbital ligament, zygomatic arch and nuchal crest.

Question 8

M. temporalis insertion?

Answer 8

Insertion: Proc. coronoideus: Medial surface: entire process, to the level of the Margo alveolaris.
Lateral surface: dorsal and rostral edges, to the ventral extent of masseteric fossa.

Question 9

M. temporalis function?

Answer 9

Function: Closure of the mouth by raising the mandible.

Question 10

M. digastricus תיאור?

Answer 10

In other species, this muscle comprises two separate bellies (positioned in series) with
independent innervation. Although the muscle is very well developed in the dog, the only
physical evidence of rostral and caudal bellies is a tendinous intersection in the middle of the
muscle. However, the double innervation is retained.

Question 11

M. digastricus origin?

Answer 11

Origin: Proc. paracondylaris.

Question 12

M. digastricus insertion?

Answer 12

Insertion: Caudo-ventral aspect of the mandible. The insertion is fleshy.

Question 13

M. digastricus function?

Answer 13

Function: Opening of the mouth by retracting the mandible.

Question 14

M. pterygoideus medialis תיאור?

Answer 14

This is the larger of the two pterygoid muscles and occupies most of the Fossa pterygopalatina. The N. lingualis emerges between the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles and then runs rostro-ventrally on the dorso-lateral aspect of the M. pterygoideus medialis

Question 15

M. pterygoideus medialis origin?

Answer 15

Origin: Perpendicular palatine bone (mainly), the wing of the basisphenoid bone and the pterygoid bone.

Question 16

M. pterygoideus medialis insertion?

Answer 16

Insertion: Proc. angularis, laterally and medially.

Question 17

M. pterygoideus medialis function?

Answer 17

Function: Closure of the mouth by raising mandible.

Question 18

M. pterygoideus lateralis תיאור?

Answer 18

This muscle is smaller and shorter than its medial partner

Question 19

M. pterygoideus lateralis origin?

Answer 19

Origin: Perpendicular palatine bone and the wing of the basisphenoid bone, immediately ventral to the orbital fissure and alar canal. The origin lies dorso- caudal to that of the medial pterygoid muscle.

Question 20

M. pterygoideus lateralis insertion?

Answer 20

Insertion: Fovea pterygoidea, on the medial surface of the Proc. condylaris, just ventral to the articular surface.

Question 21

M. pterygoideus lateralis function?

Answer 21

Function: Closure of the mouth by raising the mandible