Muscles of the Head and Neck Flashcards by Darpan Rekhi

What is the origin and insertion point of the frontalis muscle

Origin - located at the galea aponeurotica

Insertion - Located at the skin near the eyebrows and root of the nose.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the frontalis muscle

Raising the eyebrows = wrinkles in the forehead

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion point of the occipitals muscle

Origin: Located at the occipital bone.

* Insertion: Located at the galea aponeurotica.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the occipitals muscle

Draws the scalp backwards

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion point of the temporals muscle

• ORIGIN Temporal fossa between inferior temporal line
• INSERTION
Medial and anterior aspect of coronoid process of mandible

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the temporalis muscle

elevates mandible

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion points of the auricularis muscles

• ORIGIN
Galeal aponeurosis
• INSERTION
• Cartilage of auricle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the auricularis muscle

adjusts position of the ear

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion point of the orbicularis oculi

ORIGIN
Medial orbital margin
and lacrimal sac
INSERTION 
Lid of the eye

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the orbicularis oculi

Closes eyelids, aids passage and drainage of tears

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion point of the orbicularis oris

ORIGIN
Anterior surface of maxilla and mandible and at angle of mouth
INSERTION
Margin of lips

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the orbicularis oris

Narrows the orifice of the mouth and purses lips

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion of the master muscle

ORIGIN
Anterior two thirds of zygomatic arch and zygomatic process of maxilla
INSERTION
Lateral surface of angle and lower ramus of mandible

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the master muscle

Elevates mandible (enables forced closure of mouth) the chewing muscle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 3 layers of the masseter muscle

Superficial, middle and deep layers, each got different fibre orientations to help chewing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion point of the buccinator

ORIGIN
alveolar portion of the maxilla and mandible
INSERTION
into orbicularis muscle of the mouth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the action of the buccinator muscle

flattens the cheek and retracts the angle of the mouth. Also called cheek muscle.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the origin and insertion of the zygomaticus major

ORIGIN
Frontal process of maxilla
INSERTION
Angle of mouth

What is the action of the zygomaticus major

Lifts angle of mouth superiorly and laterally

What is the origin and insertion point of the zygomaticus minor

ORIGIN
Lateral infra-orbital margin
INSERTION
Skin and muscle of upper lip

What is the action of the zygomaticus major

It acts to draw the skin of the lip between the philtrum and the lip corner obliquely upwards and laterally

What nerve innervates the three major muscles that anchor and move the tongue

the hypoglossal nerve

What is the origin and insertion of the genioglossus

ORIGIN
Superior mental spine on posterior surface of symphysis menti
INSERTION
Central mass of tongue and mucous membrane

What is the action of the genioglossus

protracts tongue

What is the origin and insertion point of the hyoglossus

ORIGIN Superior border of greater cornu of hyoid bone INSERTION Lateral sides of tongue

What is the action of the hyoglossus

depresses tongue

What are the origin and insertion points of the styloglossus

ORIGIN Anterior surface and apex of styloid process and upper quarter of stylohyoid ligament INSERTION Superolateral sides of tongue

What is the action of the styloglossus

Retracts and elevates tongue, aids initiation of swallowing

What are the 3 parts of the hyoid bone

greater cornu lesser cornu body

What is the mandibular symphysis

bone below the lower incisors and all

Name the muscles of the supra hyoid

Digastric,stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid

What do the suprahyoid muscles do

– Form the floor of the oral cavity – Anchor the tongue – Elevate the hyoid – Move the larynx superiorly during swallowing

Name the infra hyoid muscles

omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid and thyrohyoid

What do the infrahyoid muscles do

• Straplike muscles that depress the hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speaking

What muscle is the geniohyoid deep to

the mylohyoid

What are the origin and insertion points of the platysma

ORIGIN Skin over lower neck and upper lateral chest INSERTION Inferior border of mandible and skin over lower face and angle of mouth

What is the action of the platysma

Depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth. Aids forced depression of mandible

What are the origin and insertion points of the sternocleidomastoid

ORIGIN Anterior and superior manubrium and superior medial third of clavicle INSERTION mastoid process

What nerve innervates the platysma and sternocleidomastoid

platysma = facial | other one = spinal accessory and C2 and C3

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck

– Anterior - sternocleidomastoid – Posterior - trapezius – Inferior – clavicle

What nerves, arteries and veins are in the posterior triangle of the neck

– Nerves: accessory nerve, cranial plexus, phrenic nerve, brachial plexus – Artery: Subclavian – Vein: External jugular

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck

– Anterior - midline – Posterior - sternocleidomastoid – Superior – inferior margin of the mandible

What are the glands, muscles, arteries, veins and nerves of the anterior triangle of the neck

– Glands: Submandibular – Muscles: Suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles – Nerve: Acccessory Artery - carotid Vein - internal jugular, external jugular