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Oral Biology (H+N) > Innervation of Head and Neck - Cranial Nerves I-V > Flashcards

Innervation of Head and Neck - Cranial Nerves I-V Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 lobes of the brain

A

Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe

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2
Q

What are the functions of the cerebellum

A

– Compares intended movement with what is actually happening
– Smooth, coordinated movements
– Posture/balance

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3
Q

Name the different sections of the brain stem

A

Medulla oblongata
Pons
Midbrain

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4
Q

What are the functions of the medulla

A

• Relays motor and sensory
information
• Regulates heartbeat, breathing and blood vessel dilation

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5
Q

What are the functions of the pons

A

• Control breathing

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6
Q

Name all of the cranial nerves

A 
• I: Olfactory
• II: Optic
• III: Oculomotor 
• IV: Trochlear
• V: Trigeminal
• VI: Abducens
• VII: Facial
• VIII:Vestibulocochlear
– Acoustic
• IX: Glossopharyngeal 
• X: Vagus
• XI: Accessory
• XII: Hypoglossal
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7
Q

What is the olfactory nerve responsible for

A

The sense of smell

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8
Q

What can cause anosmia (loss of sense of smell)

A
  • Basal Skull Fracture
  • Chronic Nasal Inflamation
  • Tumor
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9
Q

Describe the path of the optic nerve, start with origination

A

Originates in the diencephalon, passes through the skull at the optic foramen in the sphenoid bone, terminates in the retina

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10
Q

Describe the route of the medial and lateral fibres in the optic chiasma

A

Medial fibres of each retina cost the midline and enter the optic tract on the opposite side
Lateral fibres of each retina pass posteriorly in the optic tract of the same side

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11
Q

Describe the route of the occulomotor nerve

A

Anterior part of the mid brain,
cavernous sinus
superior orbital fissure

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12
Q

What are the clinical tests for oculomotor injury

A

differences in pupil size, pupillary response to light,

eye tracking

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13
Q

What can be the effects of damage to the occulomotor nerve

A

dropping eyelid
dilated pupil
double vision

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14
Q

Describe the route of the trochlear nerve

A

Post. mid brain
cavernous sinus
superior orbital fissure

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15
Q

What is the function of the trochlear nerve

A

eye movements

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16
Q

what is the clinical test for trochlear nerve injury

A

ability to rotate eye inferolaterally

17
Q

what are the effects of damage to the trochlear nerve

A

double vision, patient tilts head toward affected side

18
Q

What is the largest cranial nerve

A

trigeminal

19
Q

What is the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve

A

The sensory function of the trigeminal nerve is to provide the tactile, proprioceptive, and nociceptive afference of the face and mouth

20
Q

What is the motor function of the trigeminal nerve

A

The motor function activates the muscles of the mastication, the tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, and anterior belly of the digastric.

21
Q

What is the trigeminal V1, (sensory) nerve known as and describe its route

A

the ophthalmic nerve

leaves the skull through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbital cavity

22
Q

What are the branches of the ophthalmic nerve

A

Frontal nerve - supratrochear and supraorbital
Lacrimal
Nasociliary

23
Q

What areas of the head does the ophthalmic nerve innervate

A
  • Mucosa of nose
  • skin of the forehead,
  • upper eyelids,
  • lateral aspects of the nose
24
Q

What is the second branch (V2, sensory) of the trigeminal nerve and describe the route

A

Maxillary

leaves the skull through the foramen rotundum

25
Q

What are the branches of the maxillary nerve

A

 Infraorbital nerve
 Zygomatic nerve
 Superior alveolar nerve
 Pterygopalatine nerve

26
Q

What does the maxillary nerve innervate

A

– the lower eyelids,
– zygomae,
– and upper lip

27
Q

What is the 3rd branch (V3, mixed) of the trigeminal nerve and describe its route

A

mandibular nerve

leaves the skull through the foramen ovale to enter the infratemporal fossa

28
Q

What are the branches of the mandibular nerve

A 
 Auriculotemporal nerve
 Buccal nerve
 Lingual nerve
 Inferior alveolar nerve
 Nerve of masticatory muscles
29
Q

What does the auriculotemporal nerve of the mandibular nerve innervate

A 
– Secretomotor fibres to Parotid gland
– Sensory innervation of auriculo temporal region: 
• EAM
• TMJ 
• Scalp
30
Q

What does the lingual nerve of the mandibular nerve innervate

A

– Anterior 2/3 of tongue

– Floor of mouth

31
Q

What does the mandibular nerve innervate

A
  • Teeth and gum of lower jaw
  • Mucosa of floor of mouth
  • Anterior 2/3 of tongue
  • Skin of auricular and temporal regions and below the mouth
  • Motortomasticatory muscles, mylohyoid, and anterior belly of digastric

Oral Biology (H+N) (14 decks)

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