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Lower limbs > Muscles of the gluteal region > Flashcards

Muscles of the gluteal region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two groups of muscles of the gluteal region?

A

The superficial (bigger) and deep (smaller) muscles.

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2
Q

What muscles make up the deep muscle group?

A

The piriformis, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, gemellus superior, and gemellus inferior.

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3
Q

What muscles make up the superficial muscle group?

A

The maximus, medius, and minimus gluteus.

The tensor fascia latae.

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4
Q

What muscle is most superior of the deep group of muscles?

A

The piriformis.

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5
Q

What is the … sign that causes contralateral pelvis drop indicator when standing on one foot?

A

Trendelenberg sign is a sign that occurs when one stands on a leg and the contralateral side of the pelvis drops.

This indicates a weakness of the gluteus medius & minimus

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6
Q

What is the origin of the piriformis muscle?

A

The piriformis muscle originates from between the anterior foramina of the sacrum.

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the piriformis muscle?

A

The superior aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur.

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the piriformis muscle?

A

Branches of the S1 and S2.

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9
Q

What is the origin of the obturator internus muscle?

A

The inner obturator membrane and surrounding bone and anterolateral wall of true pelvis.

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10
Q

What is the insertion of the obturator internus muscle?

A

The superomedial of the greater trochanter.

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11
Q

What is the origin of gemellus superior?

A

External surface of ischial spine.

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12
Q

What is the origin of gemellus inferior?

A

Upper surface of ischial tuberosity.

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13
Q

What is the insertion of the gemellus?

A

Superomedial of the greater trochanter of the femur (like obturator internus).

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14
Q

What is the origin of quadratus femoris?

A

The lateral of the ischium (anterior to ischial tuberosity).

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15
Q

What is the insertion of quadratus femoris?

A

Quadrate tubercle of the intertrochanteric crest.

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the quadratus femoris?

A

L5-S1.

17
Q

What is the origin of the gluteus minimus?

A

Between the inferior and anterior gluteal lines.

18
Q

What is the insertion of the gluteus minimus?

A

Linear facet on the anterolateral surface of the greater trochanter.

19
Q

What is the innervation of gluteus minimus and medius?

A

L4-S1

20
Q

What is the origin of gluteus medius?

A

Between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines.

21
Q

What is the insertion of gluteus medius?

A

Elongate facet of the lateral surface of the greater trochanter.

22
Q

What is the origin of gluteus maximus?

A

Fascia covering gluteus medius, fascia covering erector spinae, external iliac surface behind posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum, lateral surface of coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament.

23
Q

What is the insertion of gluteus maximus?

A

Posterior aspect of iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity.

24
Q

What is the innervation of gluteus maximus?

A

L5-S2

25
Q

What is the function of gluteus maximus?

A

Ekstensor kuat dari paha terfleksi di sendi genu, stabilizer lateral sendi genu dan lutut, rotasi lateral dan abduksi paha.

26
Q

What is the origin of the tensor fascia lata?

A

ASIS and the anterior of the iliac crest.

27
Q

What is the insertion of the tensor fascia lata?

A

The iliotibial tract.

28
Q

What is the function of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Stabilizes the knee in extension.

29
Q

How can you divide the zones in the gluteal region?

A

Vertical line that goes down from the highest point of the iliac crest

Two horizontal lines: 1) from the ischial tuberosity 2) midway between the highest point of the iliac crest and the ischial tuberosity.

30
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve reside in the gluteal region?

A

It resides in the upper lateral corner of the lower medial quadrant and medial margin of the lower lateral quadrant.

31
Q

True or false?

The sciatic nerve in some cases may pass above the piriformis muscle!

A

True, the sciatic nerve can branch into tibial and common fibular nerve in the pelvis, where the tibial in this case either pierces or goes above the piriformis muscle.

Lower limbs (16 decks)

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