Knee joint Flashcards
it sounds stupid
True or false?
The knee joint is the second largest synovial joint after the elbow joint.
False, the knee joint is the largest.
What does the knee joint consist of?
The patellar-femoral joint which allows less tendon wear and the weight bearing of femoro-tibial joint.
True or false?
The patellar ligament becomes the quadriceps femoris tendon above the apex of patella!
True
True or false?
The joints, articular surfaces, and the menisci are separted in 4 different capsules!
False, they are all encapsulated in one capsule.
What do the articular surfaces of the femoro-tibial joint for flexion look like?
It is rounded and curved.
What do the articular surfaces that support extension of the knee look like?
The are flattened.
Why is the lateral meniscus more mobile than the medial meniscus?
Because it is not attached to the joint capsule.
This actually makes it more prone to injuries.
What ligament connects the menisci?
The transverse knee ligament.
What is an attachment that only the lateral menisci have?
Attachments to the popliteal tendon.
True or false?
The two cruciate ligaments are not located in the articular capsules but are encased in fibrous joints.
True
The cruciate ligaments are connected between the intracondylar region of the femur and the tibia, forming a U-shaped articular joint.
What separates the synovial membrane from the synovial ligament?
The infrapatellar fat fold.
What is the fold formed by the deepening of infrapatellar fat into the articular capsule?
The alar folds.
What are the 2 pouches of the knee joint that serve to decrease friction?
- The subpopliteal recess between the popliteal tendon and the lateral meniscus
- The suprapatellar bursa projecting anterosuperiorly, located between the distal shaft of the femur and the rectus femoris tendon
What are the bursae of the patellar region?
Prepatellar, subcutaneous, deep, and suprapatellar bursae.
The “infrapatellar” is for fat.
What is the fibrous membrane?
An interconnected scaffolding network formed by tendons and ligaments.
What are the 3 fibrous membranes?
The medial, lateral, and anterior
Does the medial fibrous membrane blend with the collateral tibial ligament?
Yes
The inner side of the medial fibrous membrane blends with the medial meniscus.
Does the lateral fibrous membrane blend with the fibular collateral ligament?
No it doesn’t, it is separated by a bursa.
The inner side of the lateral fibrous membrane doesn’t blend with the lateral meniscus.
What is an extra strengthener of the fibrous membrane on the medial side?
The posteromedial aspect of the fibrous membrane is strengthtened by the continuation of the semimembranosus tendon, the oblique popliteal ligament.
The oblique popliteal ligament crosses posteriorly from medial to posterior.
What is an extra strengthtener of the fibrous membrane on the lateral side?
Anterolaterally, the continuation of the iliotibial tract strengthtens the lateral fibrous membrane.
What does the popliteus muscle pass through in the aperture?
The posterolateral aperture of the fibrous membrane.
It begins at the lateral condyle of the femur and ends at the medial condyle of the tibia.
What is the attachment of the patellar ligament?
Above to the apex and margins of the patella and below to the tibial tuberosity.
What is the course of ACL?
The ACL begins at the anterior of the intracondylar region of the tibia and ends at the posterior aspect of the intracondylar region of the femur.
What are the 2 locking mechanisms of the knee joint?
1) The change in articular surface size during flexion and rotation;
2) Medial rotation of the femur on the tibia during extension;
3) The line of gravity is positioned anterior to the knee joint, making it
How does the popliteus muscle unlock the knee joint?
The popliteus muscle causes lateral rotation of the knee joint.
What is a procedure used to assess the knee joint?
Arthroscopy.
