Muscles: Lower Limb Flashcards
1
1 Iliolumbar ligament
6
6 Inguinal ligament
7
7 Sacrospinous ligament
8 (bone structure)
8 Greater trochanter
9
9 Iliofemoral ligament (vertical band)
12
Iliolumbar and ventral sacro-iliac
ligaments
15
15 Iliofemoral ligament (horizontal band)
16
(it’s the hole)
16 Obturator canal
17
17 Obturator membrane
18
18 Greater sciatic foramen
19
19 Sacrospinous ligament
base at sacrum to the apex at ischial spine
20
20 Sacrotuberous ligament
from sacrum to ischial tuberosity
21
21 Lesser sciatic foramen
23
23 Ischiofemoral ligament
27
27 Dorsal sacro-iliac ligaments
28
28 Coccyx with superficial dorsal
sacrococcygeal ligament
ligament of the head of the femur that connects within the acetabular fossa
Intracaspular ligament which is actually
a Synovial fold containing a small artery to the head of femur. Have a
wide end that attaches to the transverse Acetabular ligament and a narrow
end that attaches to the fovea for ligament of the head of femur.
1
Zona orbicularis
a ligament on the neck of the femur formed by the circular fibers of the articular capsule of the hip joint
35
35 Pubofemoral ligament
acetabular labrum
(SKIP UNTIL FIXED)
The lower extremity has ____ total muscles.
They can be divided according to location, function, or innervation.
3
5 below
Iliopsoas muscle
combination of Psoas major and Iliacus
surrounded by illiac fascia and inserts on lesser trochanter
• Flexes thigh at hip
• Flexes vertebral
column
Lumbar Plexus
(L1-L3)
5
21 below
Tensor fasciae latae muscle
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine, Iliac crest
Insertion: Iliotibial tract
• Flexes thigh at hip
• Abducts thigh
• Rotates thigh
medially
Superior Gluteal nerve
(L5-S1)
6
Sartorius muscle
O:Anterior superior, iliac spine
I: Medial tibia
• Flexes thigh at hip
• Rotates thigh
laterally
• Flexes leg at knee
12 below
Femoral nerve
(L2-L4)
7
Rectus femoris muscle
part of the quadriceps
O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament
- Extends leg at knee
- Flexes thigh at hip
1 below
Femoral nerve
(L2-L4)
8
Iliotibial tract -fibrous reinforcement of the fascia lata
originates at the anterior portion of the external lip of the iliac crest
inserts at the lateral condyle of the tibia/Gerdy’s tubercle
extend, abduct, and laterally rotate the hip. contributes to lateral knee stabilization
9
Vastus lateralis muscle
part of quadriceps
O:Greater trochanter of the femur, Intertrochanteric line, Linea aspera of femur
I:Patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament
- Extends leg at knee
- Stabilizes knee
7
Femoral nerve
(L2-L4)
15
Pectineus muscle
O: Superior ramus of pubis
I: Linea aspera of femur
• Adducts thigh
• Flexes thigh at hip
• Rotates thigh
medially
19
Obturator nerve
(L2-L4)
16
Adductor longus muscle
O: Pubis – near pubic symphysis
I: Linea aspera of femur
• Adducts thigh
• Flexes thigh at hip
• Rotates thigh
medially
17
Obturator nerve
(L2-L4)
17
Gracilis muscle
O: Inferior ramus of pubis, Body of the pubis
I: Medial surface of tibia
- Adducts thigh
- Flexes leg at knee
- Rotates leg medially
16
Obturator nerve
(L2-L4)
18
Vastus medialis muscle
part of quadriceps
O: Linea aspera of femur, Intertrochanteric line
I:Patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament
- Extends leg at knee
- Stabilizes patella
5
Femoral nerve
(L2-L4)
20
Adductor brevis muscle
O: Inferior ramus of pubis
I: Linea aspera of femur
- Adducts thigh
- Rotates thigh medially
18
Obturator nerve
(L2-L4)
2
Vastus intermedius muscle
part of the quadriceps
I: Shaft of the femur
O: Patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament
• Extends leg at knee
3
Femoral nerve
(L2-L4)
29, 30, and 31 are the ?
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Saphenous nerve
adductor canal
these blood vessels and this nerve run medially between the vastus medialis, sartorius, and adductor longus
There are __ adductors
7 adductors
gracilis, pectineus, adductor magnus, adductor brevis, adductor minimus, adductor longus, quadratus femoris
5
Obturator externus muscle
O:External surface of Obturator membrane and surrounding bone
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
lateral rotator of the hip joint
9
Obturator nerve
(L2-L4)
3
posterior view
Piriformis muscle
O: Lateral surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of femur
• Rotates thigh
laterally when hip is
extended
10
Sacral plexus
(L5-S2)
13
Superior gemellus muscle
part of triceps coxae with the inferior gamellus and oberator internus.
O: ischial spine
I: trochanteric fossa
they assist obterator instenus and Both muscles also help to laterally rotate the extended thigh and abduct the flexed thigh at the hip.
3
Sacral plexus (L5 - S2)
14
Obturator internus muscle
O:inner surface of the os coxae and from the obturator membrane
I: passes through lesser sciatic foramen and inserts into the trochanteric fossa
lateral rotation of the hip joint.
in sitting position, it acts as an abductor
1
Nerve to Obturator internus
(L5-S1)
15
Inferior gemellus muscle
part of triceps coxae with the superior gamellus and oberator internus.
O: ischial tuberosity
I: trochanteric fossa
they assist obterator instenus and Both muscles also help to laterally rotate the extended thigh and abduct the flexed thigh at the hip.
5
Sacral plexus (L5 - S2)
19
Quadratus femoris muscle
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: intertrochanteric crest of the femur
• Rotates thigh laterally
adductor of thigh
Sacral plexus
(L5-S1)
6
Semitendinosus muscle
o: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial tibial surface, joins the pes anserinus superficialis
• Extends thigh at hip joint
• Flexes knee
• Rotates leg
medially
4
Tibial nerve
(L5-S2)
22
11 Semimembranosus muscle
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial condyle of tibia
• Extends thigh at hip
• Flexes leg at knee
• Rotates leg
medially
Tibial nerve
(L5-S2)