Bones: Viscerocranium Flashcards
What are the 4 different major skull cavities?
- Middle and Inner Ear (lateral aspect of cranial base)
- Nasal Cavity (in and posterior to nose)
- Orbits (house eyeballs)
- Air-filled Sinuses (in some bones around nasal cavity)
Semilunar hiatus
the gap between the ethmoidal bulla and the
uncinate process
Ethmoid Bone
- between eyes, part of nasal septum
Know:
- Crista Galli
- Cribiform Plate
- Olfactory Foramina
- Perpendicular Plate
- Orbital Plate
- Superior Nasal Concha
- Middle Nasal Concha
- Ethmoid Sinuses
small lateral expansion of the ethmoid bone from the anterior aspect of the crista galli on each side that articulates with the frontal bone and forms the foramen cecum?
Ala (wing) of Crista Galli
1
Cribriform plate
It fits into the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone and supports the olfactory lobes of the cerebrum, being
pierced with numerous openings for the passage of the olfactory nerves; it contributes to the roof of the
nasal cavity:
Part B
Crista Galli
- attachment for membranes of brain
green part pointed at by the arrow and the pink ones below
Middle Nasal Concha of Ethmoid and Inferior Nasal Concha
note superior cocha in pic below, superior nasal concha not visible from anterior view in completely skull.
middle and superior nasal concha are part of ETHMOID bone/cranial skull
inferior nasal conchae are pair of bones extending from maxilla and palatine, and they are considered FACIAL bones
9
Choana
Means funnel in greek
3
Ethmoidal bulla
a bulging of the inner wall of the ethmoidal
labyrinth in the middle meatus of the nose
6
inferior nasal meatus
5
inferior nasal concha
7
middle nasal meatus
3
middle nasal concha
8
opening to the pharagealtympanic/auditory tube, or “eustachian tube”
this tube connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear, and this is how you can equalize pressure during scuba diving or flying by holding your nose and inflating the nasal cavity, or swallowing or yawning. small amounts of air are allowed to pass through the tube to equalize with the pressure in the atmosphere.
11, and it goes where?
sphenoethmoidal recess
Goes from above the superior nasal meatus to the sphenoid sinus
10
Sphenoidal sinus
1
superior concha
2
superior nasal meatus
Holes in part C
Olfactory Foramina
- AKA cribriform foramina, tiny holes to transmit the olfactory nerves
4
Uncinate process
a sickle-shaped process of bone on the medial
wall of the ethmoidal labyrinth below the middle nasal concha; it joins with the ethmoidal
process of the inferior nasal concha and partly closes the orifice of the maxillary sinus
Not just the bone, but the specific part
Orbital Plate
- lateral surface of ethmoid, medial wall of orbit
Part D
Perpendicular Plate
- superior portion of nasal septum
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid has three borders: Anterior, posterior, and inferior.
each side interacts with what bones?
a. The anterior border articulates with the spine of the frontal bone and the crest of the nasal bones.
b. The posterior border articulates by its upper half with the sphenoidal crest, and the **lower half interacts with the
vomer. **
c. The inferior border is thicker than the posterior, and serves for the attachment of the septal
cartilage of the nose.
2
ethmoidal air cells
3
Ethmoidal bulla
- an outward bulging of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity in the middle nasal meatus
- caused by the bulging of the largest ethmoidal air cell
3, 4, 5
superior, middle, and inferior nasal concha
6 is what? location?
opening of the nasolacrimal duct to the lacrimal gland
located under the inferior nasal concha
7 is what? location?
opening of the maxillary sinus, under the middle nasal concha
6
maxillary sinus
whole bone
The hyoid bone which can be included in the bony skeleton of the skull, is not directly connected to any bone in the body, it is a U-shaped bone lying between the mandible and the larynx, suspended from the styloid process by
ligaments & muscles.
3
body of the hyoid
1
greater horns of the hyoid
inferior nasal concha (2, paired)
- lateral wall of nasal cavity, create turbulence in inhaled air
2
lesser horns of the hyoid
whole bone
lacrimal bone
1 and 3
1 is anterior lacrimal crest (part of maxilla)
3 is posterior lacrimal crest (part of lacrimal bone)
2
lacrimal fossa
nasolacrimal canal/duct
informally called the tear duct
entire bone
Mandible
3
Alveolar Part of Mandible
- superior portion of mandibular body containing alveoli for teeth
4
Alveolar Yokes of Mandible
- slight outward bulgings of alveoli around the anterior rim of each alveolar socket
13
articular surface of condylar process
Body of Mandible
- horizontal part
Condylar Process of Mandible
- articulates w mandibular fossa of temporal bone
Coronoid Process of Mandible
- anterior projection of ramus, insertion for temporalis (mouth closing) muscle
25
Digastric Fossae
- two fossae below and to either side of the mental spine that serve as insertions for the digastric muscles
23
Interalveolar Septa
- bony partitions separating tooth sockets
8
Mandibular Angle
- body merges with ramus here
17
Lingula of Mandible
- delicate spur of bone partially covering opening of mandibular foramen
Mandibular Notch
- btwn condylar and coronoid processes
16
Mandibular Foramen
- entrance to mandibular canal
15
Masseteric Tuberosity
- roughened area for insertion of masseter muscle
Mental Foramen of mandible
- hole in anterior mandible, nerves + blood to lower lips
5
Mental Protuberance of Mandible
- in midline of body of mandible, forwardmost point
- AKA the chin