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Y Anatomy I > Muscles: Abdomen > Flashcards

Muscles: Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior wall of the abdomen?

A
  1. Psoas major
  2. Quadratus lumborum
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2
Q
A

Psoas Major

COURSE:

  • Th. 12, L 1-4 side, L 1-5 cost. proc. > lesser trochanter

ACTION:

  • flex and ext. rotate hip

INNERVATION:

  • lumbar plexus
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3
Q
A

Quadratus Lumborum

COURSE:

  • internal lip iliac crest & iliolumbal ligament > rib 12, L 1-4 costal processes

ACTION:

  • expiration
  • flexes spine

INNERVATION:

  • lumbar plexus
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4
Q

What muscles form the lateral abdominal wall?

(in order from superficial to deep)

A
  1. external obliques
  2. internal obliques
  3. transverse abdominals
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5
Q
A

external obliques

COURSE:

  • outside ribs 5-12 (interdigitated w/ serratus and latissimus) > iliac crest & inguinal ligament (via aponeurosis)

ACTION:

  • ante/lateral trunk flexion
  • lift pelvis
  • abd. rotation (to opposite side)
  • abd. pressure

INNERVATION:

  • intercostal, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves
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6
Q
A

interal oblique

COURSE:

  • int. line iliac crest, thoracolumbal fascia & inguinal lig. > 3 caudal ribs, linea alba

ACTION:

  • ante/lateral flexion
  • abd. rotation (own side)
  • raise pelvis and abd. pressure

INNERVATION:

  • intercostal, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves
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7
Q
A

Transverse Abdominis

(forms linea semicircularis (of Douglas))

COURSE:

  • int. lip iliac crest & thoracolumbal fascia (direct), inguinal lig. & inside caudal 6 ribs (tendinously) > linea alba (via apo.)

ACTION:

  • fixes abd. wall & provides pressure

INNERVATION:

  • intercostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal & genitofemoral nerves
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8
Q

What muscles form the medial (anterior group) of abdominal muscles?

A
  1. rectus abdominis
  2. pyramidalis
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9
Q
A

rectus abdominis

COURSE:

  • outer surface costal cartilages 5-7, xipohoid process, interv. ligaments > pubic crest & symph.

ACTION:

  • ante/lateral flexion
  • raise pelvis
  • expiration

INNERVATION:

  • intercostal nerves
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10
Q

What is the small green muscle shown here?

A

Pyramidalis

(absent in 10%)

COURSE:

  • pubic symph & crest > linea alba

ACTION:

  • tense linea alba

INNERVATION:

  • subcostal nerve
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11
Q

What is this line called?

What does it mark?

(Bonus: clinical significance)

A

Linea Semilunaris

  • marks lateral border of rect. abd.
  • formed by aponeurosis of int. oblique

(clinically, site of Spigelian hernia)

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12
Q

What is the line marked by the black pointer?

3 names

significance?

A

Arcuate Line

or Linea Semicircularis or Douglas’ line

  • marks the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath

(in other words, below this line the aponeuroses of the 3 lateral abdominal muscles only form an anterior sheath around the rectus abdominis)

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13
Q

What does this drawing represent?

Identify its labeled structures.

A

Rectus Sheath (above arcuate line)

  1. linea alba
  2. aponeurosis
  3. external oblique
  4. internal oblique
  5. transvere abominis
  6. transversalis fascia
  7. peritoneum
  8. round ligament of liver
  9. rectus abdominis
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14
Q

What does this drawing represent?

Identify its numbered structures.

A

Rectus Sheath (below arcuate line)

  1. urachus
  2. external oblique
  3. internal oblique
  4. transverse abdominis
  5. transversalis fascia
  6. peritoneum
  7. inferior epigastric artery and vein
  8. umbilical artery
  9. middle umbilical fold
  10. medial umbilical fold
  11. lateral umbilical fold
  12. skin
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15
Q

Identify the structures.

A
  1. tendinous intersections (of rect. abd.)
  2. external obliques
  3. internal obliques
  4. rectus abdominis
  5. linea alba
  6. transverse abdominis
  7. arcuate line
  8. semilunar line
  9. aponeurosis
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16
Q

What are the fascia (and other layers) of the abdomen from superficial to deep?

A

​Skinny Fingers Scratch All My Tricky Places

  1. Skin
  2. Fat (subcutaneous)
  3. Scarpa’s fascia (AKA CT lamellae)
  4. Superficial Abdominal Fascia
  5. Muscles (and their fascia)
  6. Transversalis Fascia
  7. Peritoneum
17
Q

What is the layer just deep to the subcutaneous fat of the abdomen?

2 names.

A

Scarpa’s Fascia

  • AKA CT Lamellae
  • permeates the fatty tissue and has a weblike appearance
18
Q

What is the thin layer covering the entire abdomen which thickens medially along the midsagittal plane?

What is the thickening?

A

Superficial Abdominal Fascia

Linea Alba

19
Q

What is the layer just deep to the abdominal muscles?

It is especially taut in one area… what area? Name?

A

Transversalis Fascia

  • loose in all areas except…

Umbilical Fascia

  • surrounding the umbilicus
20
Q

The transverse fascia fuses with what ligament to form what?

This serves as the posterior wall of what important area?

A

it fuses with the **inguinal ligament to form the ** iliopubic tract

which is the posterior wall of the inguinal canal

Y Anatomy I (18 decks)

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