Muscles (exam 2)

Question 1

Skeletal muscle

Answer 1

-striated
-voluntary movement

Question 2

Cardiac muscle

Answer 2

-branched fibers
-intercalated discs
-involuntary

Question 3

Smooth muscle

Answer 3

-spindle-shaped
-involuntary
-found around hollow organs

Question 4

Epimysium

Answer 4

-outer layer of the muscle

Question 5

Perimysium

Answer 5

-sheathed muscle fibers wrapped in a coarse membrane

Question 6

Endomysium

Answer 6

sheathed muscle around a single fiber

Question 7

Tendons

Answer 7

connect unlike things (bone to muscle)

Question 8

Ligaments

Answer 8

connecting like things (bone to bone or muscle to muscle)

Question 9

Sarcolemma

Answer 9

plasma membrane of a muscle cell

Question 10

Sarcoplasm

Answer 10

cytoplasm of a muscle cell

Question 11

***Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

calcium storage

Question 12

Myofibrils

Answer 12

Myosin makes up thick filaments and actin makes up thin filaments (contractile proteins)

Question 13

Tropomyosin and troponin

Answer 13

regulatory proteins

Question 14

Ach

Answer 14

acetylcholine

Question 15

Sarcomeres

Answer 15

basic unit of striated muscle tissue
extends from one Z line to the next
made of overlying thick and thin filaments

Question 16

I bands

Answer 16

-made up of actin filaments
-connected to the Z line

Question 17

A bands/ dark bands

Answer 17

-overlapping of thick and thin filaments

Question 18

H zone

Answer 18

only contains myosin
found in the middle of A bands

Question 19

T tubules

Answer 19

disperse calcium throughout the muscle fiber after it’s released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

Acetylcholinesterase

Answer 20

protein that breaks down acetylcholine and allows muscle to relax

Question 21

Curare

Answer 21

blocks ach receptors

Question 22

Botulism

Answer 22

blocks ach release and receptors

Question 23

Tetanus

Answer 23

causes excessive ach release from motor neurons which causes excessive muscle contraction

Question 24

Rigor mortis

Answer 24

-calcium pumps run out of ATP which causes calcium to not be removed which leads to excessive contraction

Question 25

Creatine phosphate

Answer 25

stores excess energy relased by the mitochondria

Question 26

Agonist

Answer 26

primary mover muscle that causes a movement

Question 27

Antagonist

Answer 27

muscle that does the opposite movement of the agonist

Question 28

Flexion

Answer 28

decreases angle between two bones

Question 29

Extension

Answer 29

increases the angle between 2 bones

Question 30

Dorsiflexion

Answer 30

pulling the foot up

Question 31

Plantar flexion

Answer 31

pointing the foot down

Question 32

Inversion

Answer 32

sole of the foot moving inward

Question 33

Eversion

Answer 33

sole of the foot moving outward

Question 34

Supination

Answer 34

palm of the hand turns upward

Question 35

Pronation

Answer 35

palm of the hand turns downward

Question 36

Abduction

Answer 36

movement away from the midline of the body

Question 37

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 37

closes the eyelids causes squinting, winking, and blinking

Question 38

Buccinator

Answer 38

used for blowing up a balloon

Question 39

Masseter

Answer 39

used for chewing

Question 40

Adduction

Answer 40

movement towards the midline of the body

Question 41

Diaphragm

Answer 41

primary quiet breathing muscle, expands thorax and compresses contents of abdominal cavity

Question 42

Trapezus

Answer 42

-allows for shoulder shrugging -keeps the scapula pinned against the back

Question 43

Anterior deltoid

Answer 43

-forms most of the shoulder -good muscle for injection

Question 44

Rotator cuff muscles

Answer 44

1. supraspinatus 2. Infraspinatus 3. Teres minor 4. Subscapularis

Question 45

Sartorius

Answer 45

flexion, external rotation, and abduct the hip