Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Right side of heart receives ______ from _________

Answer 1

oxygen-poor blood, tissues

Question 2

Left side of the heart receives _____ from ______

Answer 2

Oxygenated blood, lungs

Question 3

Right atrium

Answer 3

superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus empty into right atrium

Question 4

Left atrium

Answer 4

4 pulmonary veins empty into left atrium

Question 5

Right ventricle

Answer 5

pumps blood through pulmonary circuit

Question 6

Left ventricle

Answer 6

pumps blood through systemic circuit

Question 7

Myocardium

Answer 7

-contractile layer of the heart
-specialized gap junctions to allow for the passage of signals

Question 8

Fossa ovalis

Answer 8

remnant of foramen ovale of fetal heart

Question 9

Coronary sulcus

Answer 9

separates atria and ventricles

Question 10

Pectinate muscles

Answer 10

empty auricles

Question 11

Auricles

Answer 11

reservoirs for blood

Question 12

Which veins are the only veins in the adult body that carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 12

Pulmonary veins

Question 13

Which arteries are the only arteries in the adult body that carry deoxygenated blood?

Answer 13

Pulmonary arteries

Question 14

Right ventricle pumps blood into the

Answer 14

pulmonary trunk

Question 15

Left ventricle pumps blood into the

Answer 15

aorta

Question 16

Semilunar valves

Answer 16

-aortic semilunar valve
-pulmonary semilunar valve
prevents backflow of blood as ventricles relax

Question 17

Moderator band is found in the

Answer 17

right ventricle only

Question 18

What gets blood first

Answer 18

Functional blood supply to heart muscle itself

Question 19

3 cardiac veins

Answer 19

great, middle, small

Question 20

Where do the cardiac veins empty

Answer 20

coronary sinus

Question 21

Auto rhythmicity

Answer 21

the ability for certain heart cells to be able to generate action potentials

Question 22

Long absolute refractory period

Answer 22

250 ms
to prevent tetanic contractions

Question 23

Calcium surge prolongs the ______ phase

Answer 23

depolarization

Question 24

Repolarization closes ______ channels and opens ______ channels

Answer 24

sodium, calcium

Question 25

Sinoatrial node

Answer 25

pacemaker in the right atrial wall

Question 26

Inherent rate of heartbeat in sinoatrial node

Answer 26

100 bpm

Question 27

Atrioventricular node inherent heart rate

Answer 27

50 bpm

Question 28

Subendocardial conducting network inherent heart rate

Answer 28

30 bpm

Question 29

Difference in inherent heart rates in different parts of the heart causes…

Answer 29

backup of blood

Question 30

Order of pacemaker cells

Answer 30

sinoatrial, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, right and left bundle branches, subendocardial conducting network

Question 31

Arrythmia

Answer 31

irregular heartbeat

Question 32

Fibrillation

Answer 32

rapid, irregular contractions

Question 33

First sound of the heartbeat is produced by

Answer 33

the closing of AV

Question 34

Second sound of the heartbeat is caused by

Answer 34

the closing of SL

Question 35

Cardiac cycle

Answer 35

blood flow throughout the heart during one complete heartbeat

Question 36

Systole

Answer 36

contraction

Question 37

Diastole

Answer 37

relaxation

Question 38

End diastolic volume

Answer 38

volume of blood in each ventricle at the end of diastole

Question 39

Isovolumetric contraction phase

Answer 39

all valves closed

Question 40

End systolic volume

Answer 40

volume of blood remaining in each ventricle after systole

Question 41

Cardiac output

Answer 41

volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute

Question 42

Three main factors that affect stroke volume

Answer 42

Preload
Venous return (most important)-amount of blood returning to the heart
Afterload

Question 43

Positive inotropic agents

Answer 43

thyroxine, glucagon, epinephrine, digitalis, high extracellular calcium