Exam 2 patient cases/treatment Flashcards
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
x-linked
caused by malformed dystrophin
Young child between 8-10 years old with large calves presenting to ER with muscle weakness and a positive Gowers sign
Myasthenia gravis
autoimmune
immune system attacks ach receptors causing muscles to be unable to contract causing difficulty breathing and swallowing
Injured trapezius
winged scapula due to trapezius
Glaucoma
Canal of Schlemm is blocked preventing the aqueous humor from being able to drain
Cataracts
abnormal crystallization of the lens, causing it to appear cloudy
Pituitary tumor (adenoma)
loss of peripheral vision from tumor pressing on the optic chiasma
Anosmia
loss of smell due to a tear in the olfactory nerve
Bell’s palsy
half of the face drooping from paralysis of CN 7 (facial nerves)
Aortic aneurysm
hoarse/loss of voice caused by the aneurysm pushing against CN 10 (vagus nerve)
Multiple sclerosis
immune system attacks myelin sheath in CNS
Horner’s syndrome
Ptosis- drooping eyelid
Anhidrosis- dry eye
Miosis- large pupil
Rabies
-bullet-shaped virus
-fatigue/nausea
-viral infection
-bitten or scratched by an unfamiliar animal
Schwann cells not repairing neurons properly
sensation was felt in the wrong parts of the hand
Lesion in cerebellum
Patient is falling to one side when they close their eyes and tilt their head back. Lesion is on the same side as the patient is falling to
Dysfunctional cerebellum
jerky movements and speech, caused by the cerebellum not being able to edit out excess information
