MUSCLES Flashcards
Corcacobrachialis
O: Coracoid process of the scapula
I: Medial surface of the mid-Humeral Shaft
Actions (2):
-Flexes shoulder at glenohumeral Joint
-Adducts shoulder at glenohumeral Joint
Innvervation: Musculocutaneous Nerve (C6, C7)
Palpation Key: Coracobrachialis
Client flexes & adducts
against resistance
Subclavius
O:1st rib & cartilage
I: Inferior surface of the middle of the 1/3 of clavicle
Actions (3):
-Depresses the Clavical and Draws it Anteriorly
-Elevates the first rib to assist during inhalation
-Stabilize the sternoclavicular Joint.
Innervation: Subclavian
Palpation Key: Subclavius
Side Lying- support arm in flexed position
and pull away from body anteriorly.
In the center of the clavicle, curl thumb around underside
Serratus Anterior
O: External surfaces of the upper 8 or 9 ribs
I: Anterior Medial Border of the Scapula
Actions (4): Abduct, Upwardly Rotate, Depress scapula at Scapulothoracic Joint. Hold the medial border of scapula against ribcage
INNERVATION: Long Thoracic Nerve
Palpation: Serratus Anterior
Slide under the Pec. Major along the ribcage
Have client depress their shoulder
Quadratus Lumborum
O: Posterior iliac crest
I: Last rib and transverse processes of 1st through 4th lumbar vertebrae
Actions: Unilaterally
-Laterally Tilt (Elevate) the pelvis
-Laterally Flex the vertebral column to the same side
Bilaterally:
Assist to Extend the vertebral column
Fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation.
Tilt pelvis anteriorly
Innervaton: Lumbar PLexus
palpation: Quadratus Lumborum
Prone or side lying
Drop off laterally from the erector spinae group and
press firmly with medial direction
Have client hike their hip.
Rectus Abdominis
O: Pubic Crest and Pubic Symphysis
I: Cartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process
Actions(2)- Flexes Vetebral Column, Tilts Pelvis Posteriorly
Innervation: Ventral Rami
Palpation: Rectus Abdominis
Supine - client flexes trunk against gravity
Adductor Magnus
O: Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity
I: Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle
Actions (4):Adduct the coxal jt (hip)
Medially rotate the coxal jt (hip)
Assist to flex the coxal jt (hip)
Posterior fibres:
Extend the coxal jt (hip)
Innervation: Obturator and Sciatic
Palpation Adductor Magnus
Side lying w/top hip flexed, get client to adduct hip
resist adduction of the hip
Slide posteriorly off the adductor longus tendon
Gracilis
O: Inferior ramus of pubis
I:Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Actions(4): Adduct the coxal jt (hip)
Medially rotate the coxal jt (hip)
Flex the tibiofemoral jt (knee)
Medially rotate the tibiofemoral jt (knee)
Innervation: Anterior Branch of Obturator Nerve
Palpation: Gracilis
Supine w/legs off end of table at 90 degrees. Drop posteriorly off the Adductor Longus tendon. Ask client to flex leg @ knee jt against resistance of the table to differentiate from
the other adductors.
Popliteus
O: Lateral condyle of the femur
I: Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
Actions (2): Medially rotate the flexed tibiofemoral joint (knee)
Flex the tibiofemoral joint (knee)
Innervation: Tibial Nerve
Palpation : popliteus
Prone- with knee flexed, resist medial rotation of the knee
Sartorius
O:Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
I: Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Actions(5) Flex the coxal jt (hip) (acetabulofemoral jt)
Laterally rotate the coxal jt (hip)
Abduct the coxal jt (hip)
Flex the tibiofemoral jt (knee)
Medially rotate the flexed tibiofemoral jt (knee
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Palpation: Sartorius
Supine with foot resting on the opposite knee (hip is flexed & laterally rotated) With hand on medial knee resist client raising knee towards ceiling.
Adductor Brevis
O: Inferior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
Actions (3): Adduct the coxal jt (hip)
Medially rotate the coxal jt (hip)
Assist to flex the coxal jt (hip)
Innervation: Obturator Nerve
Palpation: Adductor Brevis
Start supine w/hip slightly flexed and laterally rotated
Resist adduction and medial rotation of the hip
Palpate between AdductorLongus and Gracilis
Pectineus
O: Superior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur
Actions (3): Adduct the coxal jt (hip)
Medially rotate the coxal jt (hip)
Assist to flex the coxal jt (hip)
Innervation: Femoral and Obturator Nerves
Palpation: Pectineus
Start supine w/hip slightly flexed and laterally rotated,
resist adduction and medial rotation
Slide laterally toward ASIS off adductor longus tendon
Tibialis Posterior
O: Proximal Posterior shafts of the tibial and fibula and interosseous membrane
I:All Five tarsal bones and the base of 2nd through 4th metatarsals
Actions: Inverts foot at Sabtalar joint, and plantarflexes the ankle at the talocrural Joint.
Innervation: Tibial nerve
Palpation: Tibialis Posterior
Prone: Resist Plantarflexion and eversion of the foot.
Locate medial malleolus, slide
posteriorly and proximally off the
malleolus into the space between
the tibial shaft & the calcaneal tendon)
Flexor Digitorum Longus
O: Middle Posterior surface of tibia
I: Distal Phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes
Actions (3):
-Invert the foot at the sabtalar joints, and flex the toes 2nd through 5th at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Weak Plantarflexion
Innervation: Tibial Nerve
Palpation: Flexor Digitorum Longus
Prone- Ask Client to resist flexion of toes 2-5.
Flexor Hallucis Longus
O: Middle half of the distal fibula
I: Distal Phalanx of 1st toe
Actions (3):
-Flex the 1st toe at the metstarsalphalangeal and interphalangeal joint.
-Weak Plantarflexion
-Invert foot at sabtalar joint
Innervation: Tibial Nerve
Palpation:Flexor Hallicus Longus
Prone: Ask client to flex big toe
(Locate medial malleolus, slide
posteriorly and proximally off the
malleolus into the space between
the tibial shaft & the calcaneal tendon)
Plantaris
O: Lateral Supracondyler line of femur
I: Calcaneaus via the calcaneal tendon
Actions (2)
-Weak plantarflexion of ankle at talocrural joint
-Weak flexion of knee at the tibiofemoral joint
Innervation: Tibial Nerve
Palpation: Plantaris
Prone - fall medially off the head of the fibula in the popliteal space inbetween the gastrocnemius heads
Fibularis Brevis
O: Distal 2/3 of lateral
fibula
I: Tuberosity of the 5th Metatarsal
Actions (2)
-Evert Foot at the subtalar jts (foot)
-Assist to plantar flex the talocrural jt (ankle)
Innervation: Superficial Fibular nerve
Palpation: Fibularis Brevis
Side lying - resist eversion
Brachialis
O: The distal 1/2 of the anterior surface of the humerus.
I: Tuberosity and coronoid process of the ulna
Action: The brachialis flexes the elbow at the humeroulnar joint
Innervations: Musculotaneous And Small Branch from Radial Nerve
Palpation: Brachialis
Gently resist forearm flexion with forearm fully pronated
Pronator Teres
O: Common Flexor Tendon from medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of ulna
I: Middle of Lateral surface of the radius
Actions (2)
-Pronate the forearm at radioulnar joint
-Assist to flex elbow at humerulnar joint
Innervation: Median
Palpation: Pronator Teres
Shake hands with client and resist Pronation
Supinator
O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, and supinator crest of the ulnar
I: Anterior, laeral Surface of Proximal 1/3 of radial shaft
Actions (1)- Supinate the forearm at the radioulnar jt.
Innervation: Radial
Serratus Posterior Superior
O:Spinous processes of C7-T3
I: Posterior surface of 2-5th ribs
Actions(1): Elevate the ribs during inhalation
Innervation:T1-T4
Palpation: Serratus Posterior Superior
With client’s arm hanging off side of table locate upper
medial border of scapula sink in as client takes a quick sharp inhales
Serratus Posterior Inferior
O: Spinous processes of T12-L3
I:Posterior surface of 9-12th ribs
Action (1): Depress the ribs during exhalation
Innvervation: T9-T12
Palpation: Serratus Posterior Inferior
Locate bottom of ribcage and get client to slowly exhale
Internal Obliques
O: Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
I: Internal surface of lower 3 ribs, rectus sheath to the linea alba
Actions (4):
-Unilaterally: Laterally flex vertebral column to same side
-Rotate vertebral column to same side
-Bilaterally: Flex the vertebral column
-Compresses the abdominal contents
Innervation: iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral rami
Palpation: Internal Obliques
Client Supine: ask client to flex & ipsilaterally rotate the trunk
Transverse Abdominis
O: Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower 6 ribs
I: Rectus sheath to the linea alba
Actions: Compress abdominal Contents
Innervation: iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral rami
Palpation: Transverse Abdominis
Supine, wrap hands around and ask client to bear down
External Intercostals/ Internal Intercostals
O: Inferior border of the rib above
I: Superior bored of the rib below
Actions:
-External intercostal draws the ribs superiorly, increasing space in thoracic cavity during inhalation
-Internal Intercostal Draws the ribs inferiorly, decreasing the space in the thoracic cavity during exhalation.
Innervation: Thoracic
Palpation: External and Internal Intercostals
With client sidelying position fingers between the ribs
(inferior to the pecs). Get client to take slow deep breaths
gets breast tissue out of way
Semispinalis Capitis
O: Transverse processes of C4-T5
I: Between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occiput
Actions: Extend the vertebral column and head
Innervation: Cervical
Palpation: Semispinalis Capitis
Client Prone: Extend head and neck, deep to traps.
Diaphragm
O: Inner surfaces of lower 6 ribs, upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae, inner part of xiphoid process
I: central tendon
Actions: Draw down central tendon of the diagphragm
Increase the volume of thoracic cavity during inhalation
Innervation: Phrenic Nerve
Palpation: Diaphragm
Palpate left side, live on right, under rib 7, curl fingers, deep breath, stink deeper, push out to avoid spasms
Multifidi and Rotatores
O: Multifidi: sacrum, TVPs of lumbar through cervical vertebrea
Rotatores: TVPs of lumbar through cervical Vertebrea
I: Multifidi: Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through 2nd cervical vertebrae (2-4 Vertebrae Span)
Rotatores: spinous processess of lumbar vertebrae through 2nd cervical vertebrae (1-2 Vertebrae Span_
Innervation: Spinal
Quadratus Femoris
O: Lateral border is the ischial tuberosity
I: Intertrochanteric crest between the greater and lesser trochanters
Actions(1) Laterally rotate the hip at the coxal joint
Innvervation: Sacral plexus
Palpation: Quadratus Femoris
Prone: palpate between the
distal, posterior aspect of the
greater trochanter & ischial
tuberosity - resist Lat. Rotation
Piriformis
O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I: Superior aspect of greater trochanter
Action (2)
-Laterally rotate hip at coxal Joint
-Abduct hip at coxal joint
Innvervation: Sacral plexus
Palpation: Piriformis
Prone: find the coccyx, PSIS & greater trochanter (they form a “T” & piriformis islocated along the base of the T.
Resist lateral rotation of the
hip
Iliacus
O: Iliac fossa
I: Lesser trochanter
Actions (4)
-With the origin fixed:
Flex the coxal jt (hip)
May Laterally rotate the coxal jt (hip)
With the insertion fixed:
Flex the trunk toward the thigh
Tilt pelvis anteriorly
Innvervation: Femoral
Palpation: Iliacus
Supine with hip slightly flexed
locate anterior portion of iliac crest
Curl fingers around iliac fossa on client’s exhale
To check get client to slightly flex their hip
Psoas Major
O: Bodies & transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
I: Lesser trochanter
Actions (5): With the origin fixed:
Flex the coxal jt (hip)
May Laterally rotate the coxal jt (hip)
With the insertion fixed:
Flex the trunk toward the thigh
Tilt pelvis anteriorly
Unilaterally:
Assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine
Innervation: Lumbar Plexus
Palpation: Psoas Major
Caution:
Psoas is just lateral to the abdominal aorta (if a pulse is felt move fingers more lateral
Supine: hip slightly flexed start between navel & ASIS
sink in towards table as client exhales. Check by asking client to flex hip slightly
Sternocleidomastoid
O: Sternal Head: Top of Manubrium
Clavicular Head: Medial 1/3 of the clavicle
I: Mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral portion of the superior nuchal line of the occiput.
Actions(4)
-Unilaterally flex head and neck to same side
-Unilaterally rotate head and neck to opposite side
-Bilaterally flex the neck
-Bilaterally assist to elevate the ribs during inhalation.
Innervation: Spinal Accessory Nerve
Palpation: Sternocleidomastoid
Client Laying Supine- Rotate head and neck- Life head off table
Scalenes
O: —Anterior: Transverse processes of C3-C6 (cervical vertebrae)
—-Middle:Transverse processes of C2-C7 (cervical vertebrae)
—-Posterior: Transverse processes of C6-C7 (cervical vertebrae)
I:Anterior and Middle: 1st rib, Posterior: 2nd rib
Actions(4) ALL THREE:
-Unilaterally flex head and neck to same side
-Unilaterally rotate
-Elevate the ribs during inhalation
Anterior Only:
-Bilaterally flex the head and neck.
Innervation: C3-C8
Palpation: Scalenes
Supine: Drop laterally off the SCM and have client take in short quick breaths through the nose
O/I HINT to remember:
SIN# 136 127 267
Levator Scapulae
O: Transverse processes of C1-C4 (cervical vertebrae)
I: Medial border of the scapula between the
superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula
Actions (5) Unilaterally:
-Elevate & Downwardly Rotate the scapulothoracic jt
-Laterally Flex the head and neck
-Rotate the head and neck to same side
Bilaterally: Extend the head & neck
Innervation (2): Cervical and dorsal scapular nerves
Palpation: Levator Scapulae
Seated - hand in small of back resist elevation of the scapula
Splenius Capitus
O: Inferior 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T4
I: Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
Actions(3)
1.Rotate the head & neck to same side
2.Laterally Flex the head & neck to same side
3. Bilaterally:Extend the head and neck
Innervation: Cervical Nerve
Palpation: Splenius Capitus
Seated with client’s head
ipsilaterally rotated - resist
extension of the head & neck
begin in posterior triangle
