Module #1 Flashcards
What are the for T’s when palpating?
Temperature, Tone, Tenderness, Texture
Mass of blood from fracture is called:
Fracture Hematoma
When does the fracture hematoma form?
6-8 Hours
A temporary formation os fibroblasts and chondroblasts which forms at the area of the bone fracture as the bone attempts to heal itself
Bone Callus
How long does the bone callus last for?
3-4 Months
Swelling caused by too much fluid trapped in the body’s tissues
Edema
delicate blood vessels that exist throughout your body
Capillaries
Single Contractile unit
Sarcomere
Each Myofibril consists of many _____________
Sarcomeres
Provides cellular energy when it is broken down
Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP)
A single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers to which it attaches
A motor unit
what happens when myosin binds to actin?
Stored energy is released
Involuntary Muscle COntraction
Spasm
What is another word for a bruise?
Contusions or Ecchymosis
Difference between strain and Sprain
Strain-Muscle & Tendons
Sprain-ligaments
What does FIT stand for?
Frequency, Intensity, Time
What does HOPRS stand for?
History, Observation, Palpation, ROM testing, Special Tests
Describe the following gait abnormalities: Ataxic
Due to nerve damage, the feet are further apart and movements are exaggerate.
Describe the following gait abnormalities: Hemiplegic
legs swing into abduction, and flexion, affecting arm in shoulder adduction.
what is an end feel? How does the therapist perform an end feel?
The therapist applies accessory motion at the end of PROM, and end feel is the sensation felt at the end of the stretch
What are NORMAL end feels?
Muscular Tissue Stretch, Boney, Soft Tissue Approximation
What are Pathological end feels?
Spasm, Boney, Boggy, Hard Leathery Capsular Stretch, Springy Block
What are the five components of the clinical impression?
Signs, Symptoms, stage of healing, Condition, possible cause
What are 3-4 benefits that massage has on scars?
Soften Scar Tissue, Desensitizes it, Frees restrictions, increases circulation,
Tight or hypertonic muscles are the most common muscular dsyfunction. What is it and what causes it?
Muscle Imbalance and tightness, Increased rate of contraction, limited ROM caused by stresses including mechanical, chemical, and psychological .
Definition and Purpose of AROM
Client performs the actions and tests for contractile or inert tissues.
Purpose: to see overall ability of ROM within pain tolerance
Definition and Purpose of PROM
Therapist Performs the action, this tests for inert tissues, by disengaging the contractile tissues. Feel the end of the motion.
Definition and Purpose of PROM
Muscle Resisted testing, isometric contraction. test for contractile tissues because there is no joint motion
Explain the purpose of Muscle Approx.
Reduces Muscle Tone and Spasm
Explain the purpose of cross fibre friction
Break down adhesions in chronic injuries, produces collagen
Explain the purpose of golgi tendon organ release
reduces muscle tone and spasm
Explain the purpose of Manual Lymph Drainage
Encourages lymph flow
Decreases edema, pain perception, reduces scar tissue formation
What is a dermatome?
Area of skin innervated by a single nerve root
What is a myotome?
A group of muscles innervated by the same muscles
Definition of Contractile Tissue
Produces movement, Muscle, Tendon
Definition of Inert Tissue
Moved in process: Joint Capsule, bursa, Cartilage
How do you define fascia?
A slightly mobile connective tissues made up from elasto-Collagen
What is matrix/ground substance?
Under normal conditions, a gelatinous consistency that transports metabolic waste material through the body
Fascia is generally classified in these three categories
Deep, superficial, Deepest
What are some possible causes for facial reatrictions?
Trauma, poor posture, inflammatory process.
True or False? Fascia is highly innervated
True
True or false: Fascia has an influence on the ANS and when there is a dysfunction can have an increase in SNS or PNS
TRUE
What are some functions of fascia?
Reduces friction, supports entire body, protects organs, gives stability for gravity, immunity, holds water
How much water does Fascia hold?
23%
What is avulsion?
The Seperation of any body part from the whole by tearing
What is ossification?
Formation of bone
The three types of trigger points
Active, Latent, satelite
How are strains measured?
1st, 2nd, 3rd degree
How are sprains measured?
Grades 1, 2, or 3
Types of stress
Eustress: good, able to meet demands
Distress: bad, negative, harmful aspects
Increased stress puts pressure on what system?
Sympathetic flight or flight response
What is the system in the brain that regulates heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate?
Reticular Activating System (RAS)
What are the stages of General Adaptation syndrome?
Flight or flight, resistance /reaction, exhaustion
What is Fibromyalgia?
A disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain in tenderness, in 11/18 points
Your client has fibromyalgia, where should you spend more time on?
Head, neck shoulders, addressing muscles of mastication, facial, and scalp massage, suboccipital work
What is chronic fatigue syndrome?
An endemic disorder linked to an initial viral infection that results in a spectrum of symptoms, primarily intense fatigue
Two types of chronic fatigue
Acute Symptoms
Chronic Symptoms
What do you want to avoid with someone with chronic fatigue syndrome?
Deep stimulating work that may further fatigue the client. Focus on light work to reduce pain and stress, promote good circulation
Why are assessment results important?
Uncovering the root of the problem, massage can help but it will only work in pain management for a period of time, and return
What are the key factors with palpating?
Intention
Intuition
Perception
Pressure
What information should you provide the client during Resisted ISOMETRIC testing?
there should be no movement at the joint, “Don’t let me move you”
