Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MT-YR 2 > Module #9: Cranial > Flashcards

Module #9: Cranial Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12 pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cranial nerves are generally named after what

A

For their structure or function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The skull is composed of how many bones?

A

22 including the ear ossicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name a few functions of the skull

A

Protects the brain, contains forAmina for transmission of nerves and vessels, foundation for face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the strongest and largest bone in the face?

A

Mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does TMJ stand for?

A

TEMPORAL MANDIBLE JOINT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the actions that happen at the TMJ?

A

Elevation, Depression, protraction, retraction, Lateral deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What innervates the occipitalis and frontalis?

A

Facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What two muscles origin is the galea aponeurotica?

A

Frontalis and occipitalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the circle of Willis?

A

Loop of interconnected arteries at the base of the brain, providing blood to the brain and neighbouring structures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What Arteries supply circulation to the anterior and posterior brain?

A

Anterior coratid arteries and the 2 vertebral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is reflex testing of the jaw completed?

A

Client is seated, therapist thumb on chin, hammer thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the three knuckle test assessing for?

A

Available range of depression in the mandible. Positive sign is if they can only fit 1 fingers. Should be 2-3. Cause: hypomobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a positive sign of the Ye Ya Yo test?

A

Stretching of muscles, pain when mouth opens or unable to open mouth. Assesses for pain at the TMJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

WHAT ARE SOME POSITIVE SIGNS OF TMJ?

A

ASYMMETRICAL MOTION, unable to do motion,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the focus of TMJ exercises?

A

Relieving stiffness, pain, and training the jaw to go back to natural position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are some mobilization technique rules?

A

1.allow gravity to assist
2. Use good. Body mechanic
4. Position client for max relaxation
3. Secure Ties Belt Buckles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Muscle info on the masseter

A

Origin: zygomatic Arch
Insertion: angle and ramus of mandible
Innervation: trigeminal nerve
Actions: Elevate the mandible and may assist to protract the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the Limbic system responsible for?

A

Interpreting emotional responses, memories, regulation of hormones m, sensory perception, motor function, olfaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the limbic system cushioned by?

A

Grey Matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What nerve is the “Stress Nerve”

A

Vagus Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

To Correct Diastasis Recti, how many days postpartum should you wait?

A

3 Days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where to you redirect lymph to when an area is swollen?

A

To an area where the lymph nodes are working full capacity depending on the area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How deep do you work when performing MLD?

A

Very lightly, only superficially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does a C & S wobble indicate for ROM testing for TMJ?

A

C WOBBLE- indicate capsular pattern
S WOBBLE-indicates muscular problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Describe the shape and function of the articular disc in the TMJ.

A

Biconcave connective tissue, hypo vascular, lacks innervation. Central area is thinner, but more dense consistency. Peripheral region is thicker but more cushioned consistency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What important information can you give to a client with TMJ issues?

A

Relaxation. Hence the clenched jaw.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the most common disorder associated with TMJ dysfunction?

A

Disc displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Name 5 symptoms that may be linked to TMJ DYSFUNCTION

A

CLICKING of jaw when opening
Pain
Stiffness
Lock jaw
Ear Stiffness or loss of hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the only hyoid muscle that doesn’t attach to the hyoid bone?

A

Sternothyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What muscle is also known as the shaving muscle?

A

PLATYSMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Both the occipital and frontalis attach to :

A

GALEA APONEUROTICA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the length of time for sinusitis to be considered chronic?

A

3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What cranial nerve is associated with Bell’s palsy?

A

Facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What cranial nerve is associated with trigeminal nueralgia?

A

Trigeminal Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

How are cranial nerves named?

A

According to their location and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Draw the circle of Willis and label your diagram

A

—-

38
Q

What are the four different types of multiple sclerosis and what are the differences between them?

A

1.Relapsing admitting: period nof flare up and relapse.
2. Progressive MS: Symtpoms worsen
3. Primary progressive:no periods of remission
4. Clinically iSOLATED Syndrome: A single attack

39
Q

What is good hydrotherapy for a client with MS?

A

Cold therapy for areas with edge a, warm therapy for after treating trigger points

40
Q

What does the myelin sheath do and what does demyelination do?

A

Myelin sheath covers the nerve axons and allow the nerves for faster transmission. Demyelination destroys myelin, slowing down the nerve

41
Q

Which hormone is being underproduced with a client that has Parkinson’s?

A

Dopamine

42
Q

When doing ROM testing on clients with Parkinson’s, what limits their ROM?

A

Rigidity and tremors

43
Q

What is diastases recti?

A

Separation of abdominal muscles what can be caused by hormones, genetics, multiple babies. Pain can be felt or just back pain.

44
Q

What is anemia?

A

LACK OF RED BLOOD CELLS

45
Q

What is bruxism?

A

Involuntary or habit of grinding teeth, mostly in sleep

46
Q

Describe the two movements of the TMJ in the joint

A
  1. Rotation: Happens during the first 1/3 of opening jaw.
  2. GLIDING: Where condole slides forward in the temporal fossa
47
Q

Name the three ligaments associated with the TMJ

A

STYLOMANDIBULAR, SPHENOMANDIBULAR, TEMPOROMANDIBULAR

48
Q

Clicking or popping of the jaw during depression indicates what

A

Anterior disc displacement

49
Q

Clicking or popping on elevation indicates what

A

Condole clicking back into place

50
Q

Why shouldn’t rib pain be ignored in pregnant clients?

A

If there are any blood clots in leg, it could break off and go into lungs. Get medical help asap

51
Q

What does ultrasound therapy do?

A

Thermal effect using heat which may increase extensibility of structure like ligaments, tendons, and scar tissues

52
Q

What is the almond shaped structure also known as the emotional centre known as?

A

Amyglada

53
Q

TMJ is a synovial joint anterior to the___

A

Ear

54
Q

What does ginglymoarthrodial Joint mean

A

Ginglymus means “hinging joint”
Arthroidal means “Sliding Joint”

55
Q

What is the main ligament of the TMJ? What does it prevent?

A

Tempormandibular- prevents excessive retraction from moving mandible backwards

56
Q

What are the two minor/accessory ligaments?

A

Stylomandibular and SPHENOMANDIBULAR

57
Q

What is the lower joint compartment formed by?

A

Mandible and articular disc

58
Q

What is the upper compartment formed by?

A

Articular disc and temporal bone

59
Q

What is the initial movement of the jaw when it opens?

A

Rotational Movement

60
Q

What does the articular disc/ meniscus function as?

A

Moving shock absorber and stabilizer between condole and fossa

61
Q

What are the cranial bones?

A

1 frontal
2 parental
2 temporal bones
1 Occipital
1 Ethmoid
1 sphenoid bone

62
Q

What are the facial bones?

A

Zygomatic bone
Nasal Bone
Maxilla
Mandible
Body
Angle
Ramus
Coronoid process
Condyle

63
Q

Where is a common place for aneurisms to occur?

A

Circle of Willis

64
Q

What assigns emotional significance to our five senses?

A

Limbic system

65
Q

What factors can impair limbic system?

A

Drugs, inflammation,physical or emotional trauma, chemical exposure, virus or infection

66
Q

What are some disorders is the limbic system involved with?

A

Anxiety, depression, OCD,fibromyalgia, Chronic fatigue syndrome, food sensitivity

67
Q

What are some disorders that directly damage cranial nerves?

A

Injuries, infections, tumours, inflammation, toxins, drugs, not enough blood supply

68
Q

Why can’t you treat both SCMs at the same time?

A

It can compress the carotid artery

69
Q

What are some things that can cause sinusitis?

A

Viral infection
Deviation of nasal septum
Dairy or wheat products
Upper molar abscess
Seasonal allergies

70
Q

In what stage is sinusitis systematically contrainindicated and why?

A

Acute stage- due to sinuses being close to brain

71
Q

What are the four infrahyoid muscles?

A

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid

72
Q

What are the three suprahyoid muscles?

A

Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid

73
Q

What are the actions of the suprahyoids?

A

1.Elevate the hyoid and tongue
2. Depress the mandible at the TMJ

74
Q

What are the actions of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Depress the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage

75
Q

What are the actions of the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Elevate hyoid bone and tongue
Depress mandible

76
Q

The diagastric is deep to what?

A

The SCM and Splenius Capitis

77
Q

The innervation of the diagastric

A

Anterior belly: trigeminal nerve
Posterior belly: Facial nerve

78
Q

What are the four muscles of mastication?

A

TEMPORALIS
MASSETER
MEDIAL PTERYGOID
LATERAL PTERYGOID

79
Q

When is it safe to resume normal massage with a pregnant client?

A

6-8 weeks after as long as there is no bleeding

80
Q

What are the weeks of trimesters?

A

1st Trimester: 1-12 weeks
2nd Trimester: 13-26 weeks
3rd Trimester: 27-40 + weeks
4th Trimester: Postpartum

81
Q

How long is postpartum?

A

6 weeks to 1 year. 6 weeks: uterus ,cervix, and vagina return to normal

82
Q

Why should you not do joint play on pregnant clients?

A

Relaxin

83
Q

What are some contraindications for pregnant clients?

A

No joint play, no fetal movement within 8-10 hours,abdominal pain,bleeding,migraines, vision change, pitted edema

84
Q

What is a concussion? And a treatment for it?

A

A mild traumatic injury caused by direct or indirect blow or force. Adjust face rest to ensure comfort, and communicate well

85
Q

What are the sinus pressure points?

A

1.between eyes
2. Bridge of nose
3. Either side of nostrils
4. Under cheeks
5. Philtrum
6. Eyebrows

86
Q

What are some stretches for the TMJ?

A

Jaw stretching, lateral stretches, neck stretches. Hold for 30 seconds until release or comfortable

87
Q

What is the reason for muscles spasms in pregnant clients?

A

Lack of blood flow to body

88
Q

What is shackwave therapy?

A

Applied directly to tissue, shockwave treats painful conditions, faster then the speed of sound, produces strong energy pulses for tissue regeneration

89
Q

What articulates with every facial and cranial bone except the mandible?

A

Sphenoid bone

90
Q

What structures are in the limbic system?

A

Hippocampus, hypothalamus, Amyglada, thalamus, basal ganglia,cingulate gyrus

91
Q

What are the cranial nerves?

A

1.olfactory
2. Optic
3.Occulamotor
4. Trigeminal
5.Trochlear
6.Acousit
7. Facial
8.abductees
9. Vagus
10.glossopharyngeal
11.Spinal
12.hypoglossal nerve

92
Q
A

MT-YR 2 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions