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MT-YR 2 > Module #8: Hip & Pelvic > Flashcards

Module #8: Hip & Pelvic Flashcards

1
Q

What is Outflare?

A

A condition in which the ASIS is rotated laterally

ASIS stands for Anterior Superior Iliac Spine, a bony prominence on the pelvis.

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2
Q

What is inflare?

A

A condition in which the ASIS is rotated Medially

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the pelvis Girdle?

A

Provides Structure and balance

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4
Q

What vertebrae’s make up the Sacrum?

A

S1-S5

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the sacral?

A

Provides support for the spine and accommodation for the spinal nerves

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6
Q

True of False: The sacral articulates with the pelvis bones?

A

True

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7
Q

What is the function of the SI joints?

A

Shock absorption for the spine, during torque conversions it allows for rotation movement up the spine

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8
Q

Sacral flexion is also known as

A

Nutation

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9
Q

Sacral Extension is also known as:

A

Counternutation

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10
Q

What plane does motion happen at SI joint?

A

Sagittal Plane

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11
Q

Nutation means to ____ and is similar to the concept of the slight tilting of the earth on its axis.

A

Nod

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12
Q

Counternutation is simply movement in _______ direction of earths axis.

A

opposite

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13
Q

What is the SI Joint?

A

the junction between the sacrum and ilium, located medial to the PSIS, Deep to the thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior sacrociliac ligaments.

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14
Q

What holds the sacrum and ilium together?

A

ligaments and Fascia-No muscles hold it together.

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15
Q

What are the intervertebral joints? And what is it made up of?

A

L5-S1-Annulus Fibrosus (outer layer), Nucleus Pulposus (inner surface of vertebral disc)

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16
Q

What makes up the inguinal triangle?

A

medial border, lateral part of rectus sheath, later border of inferior epigastric vessels, inferior border of inguinal ligament

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17
Q

how many pairs of nerve roots exit from the spine?

A

31

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18
Q

Damage of the femoral nerve can be caused by what?

A

Direct injury, tumour, growth, blocking nerve, pelvic injury,

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19
Q

what is hyperlordosis?

A

exaggerated curvature in the lumbar spine

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20
Q

what is self care for hyperlordosis?

A

Stretch hip flexors, stretch lower back, strengthen abdomen, strengthen glute max

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21
Q

what is hyper kyphosis?

A

“Hunchback” increase in the thoracic curve

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22
Q

What are the lower myotomes?

A

Lumbar
* L2 Hip flexion
* L3 Knee extension
* L4 Ankle dorsiflexion
* L5 Great toe extension
* S1 Ankle plantarflexion/Ankle eversion/Hip extension
*S2: Knee Flexion

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23
Q

Absence or diminished reflexes
can indicate

A

Damage to sensory or motor neurons, Spinal cord injury, Space occupying lesion

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24
Q

What does the Anterior/Posterior Innominate Rotation Test assessing?

A

Asses for the degree of anterior/posterior innominate rotation.

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25
Q

How to you perform the Anterior/posterior innominate rotation test?

A

Client stands barefoot, feet shoulder Width apart. Therapist places one finger on ASIS and another finger on PSIS. Normal:Level, Anterior: ASIS 1/2 inch lower, Posterior: Lower.

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26
Q

How do you perform Lateral pelvic tilt test?

A

Client stands barefoot, Practitioner uses both
thumbs to find the high
point of the iliac crest on
each side. Positive test would be one higher ilium.

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27
Q

Which side of the pelvis tilt in the lateral pelvic tilt test is the naming tilt?

A

Lower Side

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28
Q

What is the Hip Scour assessing?

A

Assesses for hip pathology. positive sign would be pain or irregular movement.

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29
Q

What does faber (patrick’s) tests look for?

A

Assesses for SI joint pathology, hip joint capsule, iliopsoas spasm. Positive sign would be pain.

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30
Q

What tests assesses for piriformis syndrome?

A

Pace abduction Test

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31
Q

How is the Pace Abduction Test performed?

A
  • Client is seated on table
  • Hips partially abducted
  • Practitioner places each hand on the lateral sides of client’s knees
  • Client pushes their knees apart while practitioner applies
    resistance
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32
Q

What is the squish test?

A

Assess the posterior Sacroiliac Ligament.

33
Q

How is the squish test performed?

A
  • Client is supine
  • Therapist places one hand
    on the lateral side of each
    ASIS and applies pressure
    from lateral to medial, then
    posteriorly towards the SI
    joints at a 45 degree angle
34
Q

Capsular pattern for the hip:

A

Medial Rotation, Flexion, Abduction

35
Q

What joint play do you perform to increase hip extension and external rotation?

A

Anterior Glide-Client prone. Stabalize hand with one hand, and the other distal to ischial tuberosity. Mobile into table

36
Q

How do you perform a long axis distraction?

A

Client Supine, Therapist hands proximal to malleoli, Distract the hip by leaning back
and pulling entire leg

37
Q

What Acetabulofemoral Joint Play would you do to increase abduction?

A

Medial Glide

38
Q

Name 4 factors that produce weakness in a muscle that tests weak in a resisted test.

A

Lack of use, Pain causing the weakness, Fatigue, neurological pathology.

39
Q

What are the movements of the iliofemoral (hip) joint?

A

Flexion, Extension, Lateral Rotation, Medial Rotation, Abduction, Adduction

40
Q

What are the movements of the sacroiliac Joint (SI) jOINT?

A

Nutation, Counternutation

41
Q

What is the purpose of pelvic stabilization?

A

To increase Lumbar Lordosis

42
Q

What does an anterior pelvic tilt do to the curvature of the spine?

A

Increases Lumbar Lordosis

43
Q

What muscles cause an anterior pelvic tilt?

A

Tight quads and Iliopsoas, Weak hamstring and abdominals.

44
Q

What does posterior pelvic tilt do to the curvature of the spine?

A

Decrease Lumbar Lordosis

45
Q

What muscles contribute to a posterior pelvic tilt?

A

Tight abdominals and hamstrings, weak hip flexors and quads

46
Q

What does a lateral pelvic tilt do to the spine?

A

Causes scoliosis

47
Q

Other than a tight QL, what else can contribute to a lateral pelvic tilt?

A

Sitting on wallet, low back spasms, poor posture, scoliosis

48
Q

Does a right lateral pelvic tilt mean the right side is high or low?

49
Q

List some postural muscles:

A

QL, ESG, Rectus Femoris, adductors, piriformis

50
Q

List some phasic muscles:

A

Rectus Abdominis, Glutes, Vastus lateralis/medialis

51
Q

Why do piriformis syndrome and sciatica produce similar symptoms?

A

They both compress the sciatic nerve

52
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the piriformis?

A

O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I:Greater Trochanter of the femur

53
Q

What is the main action of the piriformis?

A

Laterally rotate the hip at coxal joint

54
Q

What bones does the sacrotuberous ligament connect?

A

Sacrum and Ischial Tuberosity

55
Q

What muscle group is the sacrotuberous ligament connected with?

A

The deep 6, and the glute maximus and biceps femoris

56
Q

What is sacroiliac joint dysfunction?

A

Joint Misalignment

57
Q

What is the major factor contributing to sacroiliac joint dysfunction?

A

Ligament Sprains

58
Q

What tests test for sacroiliac joint dysfunction?

A

Fabers, Gapping, Squish, Gaenslen’s test

60
Q

What is the strongest ligament in the pelvis and femur that prevents excessive extension?

A

Iliofemoral ligament

61
Q

What are the three ligaments of the pelvis and femur?

A

Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral

62
Q

Which ligament in the pelvis and femur is the weakest out of the 3?

A

Ischiofemoral

63
Q

The sacroiliac joint is a large diarthrodical joint made up the pelvis and two _________ of the pelvis.

A

Innominate

64
Q

What is each innominate formed by

A

Three fusion of bones of pelvis: ilium,ischium, pubic bone.

65
Q

Which way is nutation motion?

A

Anteriorly & inferiorly

66
Q

Which way is counternutation motion?

A

Posteriorly and superiorly

67
Q

What are the deep 6 muscles?

A

Piriformis, quadratis femoris, Gemellus inferior, Gemellus superior, obturator externus, obturator Internus.

68
Q

What is IBS also called?

A

Spastic Constipation

69
Q

What are the three types of cancer?

A

1.carcinoma-malignant tumor in epithelial tissue.
2 sarcoma- tumour within the connective tissue
3. Giloma- tumour of glial nerve cells

70
Q

What does the sciatic nerve run from?

71
Q

What type of pain medication also known simply by its acronym: NSAIDS

A

Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

72
Q

Inflammation of the colon

73
Q

Contraction of surrounding muscles acting on a joint to create compression and stability

A

Force closure

74
Q

Term for a condition in which pain radiates from a compressed or inflamed nerve root

A

Radiculopathy

75
Q

What actions are not capable of at the vocal joint that happen at shoulder?

A

Horizontal Adduction and Horizontal abduction

76
Q

When identifying sacral movements of nutation and counter nutation, use this sacral landmark as your guide.

A

Sacral Promontory

77
Q

Describe your treatment plan for trochanteric bursitis. Which areas are important to treat and what techniques would you use?

A

Reduce tension in TFL, ITB, GLUTEALS, VASTUS LATERALIS, stripping, pin and stretch

78
Q

How do you measure leg length discrepancy?

A

measure from the inferior lip of the ASIS to underside of medial malleulos

MT-YR 2 (13 decks)

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