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MT-YR 2 > Module 6-Elbow, Wrist, Hand > Flashcards

Module 6-Elbow, Wrist, Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What two joints make up the elbow?

A

Humeroulnar and Humeroradial Joints

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2
Q

What actions happen at the elbow?

A

Flexion and Extension

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3
Q

What makes the wrist?

A

Radias

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4
Q

Where do the wrist flexors and wrist extensors attach too?

A

Wrist flexors-Medial Epicondyle
Wrist Extensors-Lateral Epiconydle

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5
Q

What ligament is considered the “Seatbelt” holding the head of the radius in against the Ulna?

A

Annular Ligament

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6
Q

Is the Olecranon burse deep or superficial to the olecranon process?

A

Superficial

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7
Q

What is the only blood supply to the hand?

A

Brachial Artery

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8
Q

What joint makes the wrist?

A

Radiocarpal Joint ( Radias and Proximal row of Carpals)

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9
Q

Acronyms for carpal bones (Lateral to Medial)

A

Some- Scaphoid
Lovers-Lunate
Try-Triquetrum
Positions- pisiform
That-Trapezium
They-Trapezoid
Can’t-Capitate
Handle-Hamate

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10
Q

What is another term for elbow?

A

Cubital

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11
Q

What is the normal “Carrying Angle” in the elbow, for women and men?

A

Women-10-15 Degrees
Men-5-10 Degrees

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12
Q

What condition is identical to carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Pronator Teres Syndrome

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13
Q

What conditions compresses the median nerve?

A

Pronator Teres Syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome

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14
Q

What runs through the carpal tunnel?

A

9 flexor tendons and median nerve

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15
Q

Capsular pattern of the elbow

A

Flexion more than extension

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16
Q

Capsular pattern of the wrist

A

Pronation more than supination

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17
Q

Which side of the forearm do the wrist extensors attach too?

A

Posterior/Lateral Side

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18
Q

What side of the forearm do the wrist flexors attach to?

A

Anterior/Medial Side

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19
Q

Brachialis Origin and Insertion

A

Origin: The distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus
Insertion: Tuberosity and Coronoid process of the ulna

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20
Q

Pronator Teres Origin and Insertion

A

Origin: Common Flexor tendon of the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid process of the ulna
Insertion: Middle of lateral surface of the radius

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21
Q

Actions of the Pronator Teres

A

1.Assist to flex the elbow humeroulnar joint
2.Pronates the wrist at the radioulnar joint.
Innervated: Median Nerve

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22
Q

What is the Mill’s Test testing for?

A

Wrist Extensor tendonitis/Tendonosis, or lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow).

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23
Q

What actions happen at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

A

Pronation and Supination

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24
Q

What is the only blood supply to the hand?

A

Brachial Artery

25
Q

What does the brachial artery split into?

A

radial and ulnar arteries

26
Q

What type of joint is the Humeroulnar joint?

A

Synovial Hinge Joint

27
Q

What type of joint is the proximal Radioulnar Joint?

A

Synovial Pivot Joint

28
Q

What type of joint is the proximal Radiocarpal Joint?

A

synovial ellipsoid (condyloid)

29
Q

What’s another word for “Upper Arm”?

A

Brachium

30
Q

What is Elbow Hypomobility?

A

Loss or decrease of motion at a joint

31
Q

What is Elbow Hypermobility?

A

Increased motion available at a joint
Joint laxity within joint capsule or ligaments

32
Q

What is hypermobility of joints also called?

A

Double Jointed or Loose Joints

33
Q

Lateral Epicondylitis is also called what?

A

Tennis Elbow

34
Q

What is Lateral Epicondylitis?

A

Chronic Collagen degeneration in extensor tendons at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

35
Q

What muscle does Lateral Epicondylitis affect the most?

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis brevis- Microtearing- because it is the most common due to line of pull-no pain at night.

36
Q

Treatment techniques for Lateral Epicondylitis

A
  1. Warm up tissues- MFR, TRPS, lengthening
  2. identify adhesions in common flexor tendons and only treat 1-2 per session
  3. Cross Fiber Friction small section per session, 6 or more deep strokes
  4. Stretch Extensors
  5. Ice-Immediately - teach self massage
37
Q

What is Medial Epicondylitis?

A

Chronic Collagen degeneration in wrist flexors at the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

38
Q

What muscle does Medial Epicondylitis affect the most?

A

Pronator Teres-Due to coordinated effort with the wrist flexors and the proximity of the attachment site

39
Q

What is medial Epicondylitis also referred as?

A

Golfer’s Elbow

40
Q

What is Pronator Teres Syndrome?

A

Compression of the median nerve as the median nerve passes between the two heads of the pronator Teres- Identical to carpal Tunnel Syndrome

41
Q

Treatment for Pronator Teres Syndrome?

A
  • Treat HT in flexor group
    -pin and stretch pronator Teres
    -Deep stripping, active engagement, compression broadening
    -Treat for both pronator teres and carpal tunnel
42
Q

Explain the cubital tunnel

A

The cubital tunnel is the space between the two heads of the flexor Carpi Ulnaris.

43
Q

What is cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

The compression of the ulnar nerve between the heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) or aponeurotic band hat connects the two heads.

44
Q

Treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome

A

-Reduce Hypertonicity in FCU and wrist flexors
-treat tissue along nerve pathway
-Stretch and mobilize ulnar nerve (same as ULTT4 Position)
-Stretch wrist flexors
-heat to reduce pain and hypertonicity

45
Q

What contraindications are for Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

A

ice- may damage ulnar nerve
no increased deep work on cubital tunnel syndrome

46
Q

Treatment of carpal tunnel:

A
  1. Warm up- MFR, TRIGGER POINTS
  2. Treatment of trigger points in subscapularis and scalenes
  3. treatment of swelling- ice therapy, lymph drainage
  4. Deep stripping flexor group, brachioradialis, pronator teres
  5. treatment of flexor retinaculum
  6. Stretch
47
Q

What does radial tunnel syndrome affect?

A

Terminal motor branch called the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN)
aka, resistant tennis elbow, often mistaken for lateral epicondylitis.

48
Q

Treatment of Radial Tunnel Syndrome

A

-Reduce nerve compression: pin and stretch supinator
-Reduce Hypertonicity in muscles compressing nerves- stripping and broadening on wrist and finger extensors and supinator
-Stretch extensors and supinator

49
Q

What is Guyon’s Canal Syndrome also called?

A

Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome- Compression of Ulnar nerve

50
Q

True or False: There are no tendons in the Guyon’s Canal

A

True- No tendons run through Guyon’s Canal

51
Q

What is a treatment for Guyon’s Canal?

A

Reduce Activity, surgical, wrist splints, compression broadening on the wrist flexors, deep stripping, ice to reduce inflammation

52
Q

What is De Quwevain’s Tenosynovitis?

A

Tenosynovitis of two tendons and their sheth in the anatomical snuff box of wrist.

53
Q

What muscles are affected in De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis?

A

Abductor pollicis longus and Extensor Pollicis brevis.

54
Q

A client with swan neck deformity can most likey not do what?

A

Make a fist- Severe loss of function caused by contracture of intrinsic muscles of hand.

55
Q

What fingers are mostly commonly affected with Dupuytrens Constracture?

A

MCP and IP joints of the fourth through fifth fingers

56
Q

What is Dupuytren’s Contracture?

A

Contracture affected palmar surface of the hand resulting in a deformity of the fingers, where they are in a flexed state. Nodules appear, no inflammation present. slow progression. tends to be bilateral

57
Q

What are the different types of Polio?

A

Spinal Polio
Bulbar Polio: rare and most serious
Non-Paralytic polio: flu like symptoms, meningeal irritation

58
Q

Capsular pattern for the elbow and forearm:

A

-Flexion more than extension
-Pronation more than supination

59
Q

Reflex Testing for elbow and forearm:

A

Biceps Reflex
Brachioradialis Reflex
Triceps Reflex

MT-YR 2 (13 decks)

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