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Musculoskeletal System > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q
  1. which Muscle ELEVATES and ROTATES the SCAPULA for arm abduction
  2. which muscle DEPRESSES the SCAPULA?
  3. which muscle ROTATES the SCAPULA
A
  1. TRAPEZIUS
  2. PECTORALIS MINOR
  3. SERRATUS ANTERIOR (hugging ribs)
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2
Q

muscles for ARM ABDUCTION

A
  • SUPRASPINATUS (initial)
  • DELTOID
  • TRAPEZIUS
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3
Q

which EYE muscle ELEVATES and already ABDUCTED eye

A

SUPERIOR RECTUS

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4
Q

which muscle EXTENDS an ALREADY FLEXED ARM

A

PECTORALIS MAJOR

(adduction, medial rotation, extends already flexed arm)

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5
Q
  1. TERES MINOR (posterior) function?
  2. TERES MAJOR (anterior) function?
A
  1. TERES MINOR - LATERAL ROTATION of HUMERUS
  2. TERES MAJOR: MEDIAL ROTATION and EXTENSION of arm
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6
Q

what does the LATISSIMUS DORSIS muscle do

A

ADDUCTS ARM
EXTENSION
MEDIAL ROTATION

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7
Q

what does the CORACOBRACHIALIS Muscle do to Humerus

A

FLEXES arm
ADDUCTS

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8
Q

what are the main EXTENDORS of the FOREARM?

A

TRICEPS BRACHII
- LONG HEAD (attaches to scapula)
- LATERAL HEAD
- MEDIAL HEAD (attaches ulna olecranon process)

(posterior forearm)

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9
Q

what is the most Powerful FLEXOR of the FOREARM (flex elbow joint)

A

BRACHIALIS
(only function)

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10
Q

which muscles are for ARM ADDUCTION

A
  • LATISSIMUS DORSIS (adduct, medial rotation, extension)
  • PECTORALIS MAJOR (adduct, medial rotation, extend if already flexed)
  • CORACOBRACHIALIS
    (adduct and flexes)
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11
Q

what do the BICEPS BRACHII muscles do - Long and Short heads

A

SUPINATION
FLEX FOREARM

weak flexor of humerus

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12
Q
  1. which ANTERIOR FOREARM muscles (FLEXORS) are DEEP:
    INTERMEDIATE:
    SUPERFICIAL:
A

DEEP:
- FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS
- FLEXOR POLLICUS LONGUS
- PRONATOR QUADRATUS

INTERMEDIATE:
- FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

SUPERFICIAL:
- FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
- FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
- PALMARIS LONGUS
- PRONATOR TERES

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13
Q

which muscles ADDUCT the WRIST

A

FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS (deep)
EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS (superficial)

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14
Q

WRIST FLEXOR MUSCLES:

A
  • FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS
  • PALMARIS LONGUS
  • FLEXOR CARPI ULARIS
  • FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
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15
Q

SUPINATOR muscle is in which Compartment

A

Supinator: POSTERIOR - DEEP

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16
Q

which POSTERIOR FOREARM (EXTENSOR) Muscles are
DEEP:
SUPERFICIAL:

A

DEEP:
- ABDUCTOR POLLICUS LONGUS
- EXTENSOR POLLICUS BREVIS
- EXTENSOR POLLICUS LONGUS
- EXTENSOR INDICES
- SUPINATOR

SUPERFICIAL:
- EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
- EXTERNSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
- EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
- EXTENSOR DIGITORUM
- EXTENSOR DIGITI MINI
- *ANCONEUS
- *BRACHIORADIALIS

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17
Q

BRACHIORADIALIS muscle does what?

which compartment is it classed as?

A
  • FLEXES FOREARM / ELBOW JOINT

although it is anterior to the joint its attachments are posterior
therefore POSTERIOR - SUPERFICIAL

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18
Q

ELBOW JOINT FLEXORS:

A

BRACHIALIS
BICEPS BRACHII (&supination)
BRACHIORADIALIS

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19
Q

what does the ANCONEUS do

A
  • EXTENDS FOREARM
  • ABDUCTS ULNA DURING PRONATION
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20
Q

which muscles ABDUCT the WRIST

A
  • FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
  • EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
  • EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
  • ANCONEUS ABDUCTS ULNA IN PRONATION
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21
Q

what are the ILIOPSOAS muscles and what do they do?

A
  • PSOAS MAJOR
  • ILIACUS

HIP FLEXORS

22
Q

what does the GLUTEUS MAXIMUS do

A
  • HIP EXTENSOR
  • ABDUCT & ADDUCT
  • SOME LATERAL ROTATION
23
Q

what does the TENSOR FASCIA LATAE do

A

STABILISES the KNEE IN EXTENSION

  • can help flexion of an already flexed knee
24
Q

what do the GLUTEUS MEDIUS and GLUTEUS MINIMUS do

A

ABDUCTION

& PREVENT PELVIC DROP

25
Q

which HIP Muscles are for ABDUCTION and LATERAL ROTATION

A
  • PIRIFORMIS
  • GEMELLIS SUPERIOR
  • GEMELLIS INFERIOR
  • OBTURATOR INTERNUS

Abduction alone: Gluteus Medius and Minimus
Lateral rotation alone: Quadratus Femoris

26
Q

what does the QUADRATUS FEMORIS do

A

LATERAL ROTATION of the HIP

27
Q

PIRIFORMIS;
PECTINEUS:
PALMARIS:
POPLITEUS:
PLANTARIS:

A

PIRIFORMIS: HIP ABDUCTION & LATERAL ROTATION
(posterior hip, deep)

PECTINEUS: HIP ADDUCTION & HIP FLEXION
(medial thigh)

PALMARIS: WRIST FLEX
(anterior superficial forearm)

POPLITEUS: KNEE MEDIAL ROTATION
(posterior deep leg)

PLANTARIS: PLANTARFLEXION & KNEE FLEXION
(posterior superficial leg)

28
Q

HIP ADDUCTORS:

A
  • ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
  • ADDUCTOR LONGUS
  • ADDUCTOR BREVIS
  • PECTINEUS
  • GRACILIS
29
Q

where is the GRACILIS does it do?

A

most MEDIAL

  • HIP ADDUCTION
  • KNEE FLEXION
30
Q

what does the PECTINEUS do

A

HIP ADDUCTION
HIP FLEXION

31
Q

which HIP ADDUCTOR also causes MEDIAL ROTATION

A

ADDUCTOR LONGUS

32
Q

what are the Anterior Thigh Muscles?

what do they do?

A

RECTUS FEMORIS
SARTORIUS (from lateral to medial)
-> HIP FLEXION, KNEE EXTENSION

VASTUS LATERALIS, VASTUS INTERMEDIALIS, VASTUS MEDIALIS
-> KNEE EXTENSION only

33
Q

what are the Posterior Thigh Muscles / Hamstrings?

what do they each do?

A
  • BICEPS FEMORIS (LONG HEAD and SHORT HEAD)
    HIP EXTENSION, KNEE FLEXION
    LATERAL ROTATION
  • SEMI-TENDINOSIS
  • SEMI-MEMBRANOSIS
    HIP EXTENSION, KNEE FLEXION
    MEDIAL ROTATION
34
Q

which Muscles cause HIP LATERAL ROTATION?

A
  • PIRIFORMIS
  • GEMELLIS SUPERIOR & INFERIOR
  • OBTURATOR FORAMEN
  • QUADRATUS INTERNUS
  • BICEPS FEMORIS (LONG & SHORT HEADS)
35
Q

which Muscles cause HIP MEDIAL ROTATION?

A
  • ADDUCTOR LONGUS
  • SEMI-MEMBRANOSIS
  • SEMI-TENDINOSIS
36
Q

which Hip ADDUCTOR in the MEDIAL compartment also causes..
KNEE FLEXION?
MEDIAL ROTATION?
HIP FLEXION?

A

Knee FLEX: GRACILIS

MEDIAL Rotation: ADDUCTOR LONGUS

Hip FLEX: PECTINEUS

37
Q

which muscles are in the LATERAL LEG and what do they do?

A

FIBULARIS LONGUS
FIBULARIS BREVIS

  • EVERSION
38
Q

ANTERIOR LEG MUSCLES:

A
  • TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
  • FIBULARIS TERTIUS (Evertor)
  • EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
    & EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS (toe extensors)
39
Q

POSTERIOR LEG MUSCLES

DEEP:

SUPERFICIAL:

A

DEEP:
- TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
- POPLITEUS
- FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS & FLEXOR DIGITORUM

SUPERFICIAL:
-TRICEPS SURAE: GASTROCNEMIUS (2) & SOLEUS
- PLANTARIS

40
Q

which muscle is the PRIMARY DORSIFLEXOR and PRIMARY INVERTOR

A

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

41
Q

what does the POPLITEUS do

A

MEDIAL ROTATION of the KNEE (needed before flexion)

42
Q

what do the TRICEPS SURAE muscles do

A

GASTROCNEMIUS - PLANTARFLEXION & KNEE FLEXION

SOLEUS - PLANTARFLEXION

43
Q

what does the TIBIALIS POSTERIOR do

A

PLANTARFLEXION
INVERSION

44
Q

what does the PLANTARIS do

A

PLANTARFLEXION
KNEE FLEXION

45
Q

KNEE FLEXION muscles:

A
  • BICEPS FEMORIS (posterior thigh)
  • SEMI-TENDINOSIS & SEMI-MEMBRANOSIS (posterior thigh)
  • GRACILIS (medial thigh)
  • PLANTARIS (posterior superficial leg)
  • GASTROCNEMIUS (posterior superficial leg)
46
Q

which muscle MEDIALLY ROTATES the KNEE

A

POPLITEUS
(posterior deep)

47
Q

what do the VASTUS LATERALIS and VASTUS MEDIALIS do

A

KNEE EXTENSION

48
Q

BRACHIALIS:

BRACHIORADIALIS:

BICEPS BRACHII:

CORACOBRACHIALIS:

A

BRACHIALIS:
FLEX FOREARM

BRACHIORADIALIS:
FLEX FOREARM

BICEPS BRACHII:
SUPINATION & FLEX FOREARM

CORACOBRACHIALIS:
ADDUCTION & FLEX UPPER ARM/HUMERUS

49
Q

what does the SUBSCAPULARIS do

A

MEDIAL ROTATION of Humerus

50
Q

HIP FLEXORS:

A
  • ILIOPSOAS
  • PECTINEUS
  • RECTUS FEMORIS
  • SARTORIUS

Musculoskeletal System (18 decks)

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