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Anatomy and Physiology > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Muscle of facial expression (kissing muscle)

-Closes and protrudes lips

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2
Q

Orbicular oculi

A

Muscle of facial expression (blink and sleep)

-closes eyelids

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3
Q

Zygomaticus (major and minor)

A

Muscle of facial expression (smile)

-Raises angle of mouth to smile

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4
Q

Buccinator

A

Muscle of facial expression

-Compress cheek; blowing and sucking

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5
Q

Platysma

A

Muscle of facial expression
Superficial plate down neck
-deperesses mandible, draws lips down, tightes/wrinkles neck: opens mouth

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6
Q

Frontalis

A

Muscle of facial expression (on eyebrow sheet like)

-Raises eyebrow, wrinkles forehead, draws scalp forward

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7
Q

Masseter*

A

Muscle of mastication (pitbull jaw)
o= Zygomatic Arch
I= Ramus of mandible
a= elevates mandible (chewing)

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8
Q

Temporalis

A

Muscle of mastication

a=elevates and retracts mandible

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9
Q

Hyoid bone

A

Muscle of mastication

-Elevates hyoid and larynx, depresses mandible

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10
Q

Sernocleidomastoid

A

Muscle that moves head (carrots in neck)

  • If both sides contract, flexes neck
  • if one side contracts, ratates head towards opposite side
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11
Q

Splenius capitus

A

Muscle that moves head

  • Both sides=extends head (hyperestend too)
  • one side= rotates heas ot the same side as the contracting muscle
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12
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (hug yourself)

-Abducts scapula

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13
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Muscle that moves shoulder

-depresses and protracts scapula

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14
Q

Rhomboideus (major and minor)

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (touch elbows together)

-Adducts scapula

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15
Q

Trapezius*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder
o=occipital bone, ligamentum nache spines of c7-t12
i=clavical, acromian, and spine of scapula
a= elevates (upper portion) or depresses (lower portion) scapula, adducts scaplua, extends head

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16
Q

Pectoralis major*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (anterior)
o=clavical, sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 2-6
i=greater tubercle of humerus
a=flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm

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17
Q

Latissimus dorsi*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (armpit muscle)
o= spinous process of t7 through all lumbar and sacrum, posterior iliac crest, lumbodarsal fascia
i=intertubercular grove of humerus
a= extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

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18
Q

Deltoid*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder
o= clavical, acromion, spine of scapula
i= deltoid tuberosity of humerus
a= abducts arm

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19
Q

Supraspinatus*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)
o= supraspinous fossa
i= greater tubercle of humerus
a=abducts arm

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20
Q

infraspinatus*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)
o=infraspinous fossa
i= greater tubercle of humerus
a= rotates arm laterally

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21
Q

subscapularis*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)
o=subscapular fossa
i= lesser tubercle of humerus
a= rotates arm medially

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22
Q

teres major

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)

-medial rotates and adducts arm

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23
Q

Teres minor

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)

-rotates arm laterally

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24
Q

Biceps brachii*

A

Muscle that moves the forearm
o= above the glenoid fossa, coracoid process of the scapula
i=radial tuberosity
a=flexes forearm (elbow) and supinates forearm

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25
Q

Branchialis

A

Muscle that moves the forearm

-flexes forearm

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26
Q

Triceps brachii*

A

Muscle that moves the forearm
o= long head-below glenoid fossa, lateral head- lateral and posterior shaft of humerus procimally; medial head- posterior surface of humerus distally
i=olecranon process of the ulna
a=extends forearm (elbow)

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27
Q

supinator

A

Muscle that moves the forearm (palms up)

-Supinates forearm

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28
Q

pronator teres

A

Muscle that moves the forearm (palms down)

-pronates forearm

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29
Q

pronator quadratus

A

Muscle that moves the forearm

-pronates forearm

30
Q

Flexor carpi radialis*

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits (fist, the tendon that pops out)
o=medial epicondyle of humerus
i=ventral surface of metacarpals II, III
a=flexes and abducts palm

31
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits

-flexes and adducts palm

32
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits

-flexes palm

33
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits

-flexes phalanges

34
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits

-flexes phalanges

35
Q

extensor carpi radialis (longus)

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits

-extends and abducts palm

36
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits

-extends and adducts palm

37
Q

Extensor digitorum*

A

Muscle that moves the wrist and digits
o=lateral epicondyle of humerus
i= dorsal surface of phalanges
a= extends phalanges and palms

38
Q

Gluteus maximus*

A

Muscle that moves the thigh (posterior muscle)
o=iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
i= gluteal tuberosity of femur
a= Extends thigh (hip joint) and laterally rotates thigh (pulls posterior)

39
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

Muscle that moves the thigh (deep to the maximus in front of the hip joint)
-abducts and medially rotates thigh

40
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

Muscle that moves the thigh (deep to medius in front of hip joint)
-abducts and medially rotates thigh

41
Q

Tensor fasciae of tibia

A

Muscle that moves the thigh (very lateral muscle, pulls thigh outward)
-tenses lateral fascia, flexes thigh (hip) and abducts thigh

42
Q

Adductor longus*

A

Muscle that moves the thigh (runs down medial side)
o=pubis
i= linia aspera of femur
a= adducts thigh

43
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Muscle that moves the thigh

-Adducts thigh

44
Q

adductor Brevis

A

Muscle that moves the thigh

-adducts thigh

45
Q

Quadraceps femoris*

A

Muscle that act on the leg (all muscles insert on tibial tuberosity, 4 different orgins)

  • rectus femoris
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus intermedius
46
Q

Rectus femoris*

A

Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris)
o= anterior inferior iliac spine (only one that originates on the coxal bone
i= tibial tuberosity fia patellar ligament
a= extends knee, flexes thigh (hip) (only quad with action at hip joint, pulls hip forward)

47
Q

Vastus Lateralis*

A

Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris)
o= greater trochanter and lateral to aspera of femer
i= tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
a= extends leg (straightens knee)

48
Q

Vastus midalis*

A

Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris)
o=medial to linea aspera of femur
i=tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
a=extends leg

49
Q

Vastus intermedius*

A

Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris)
o=anterior surface of femur
i=tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
a=extends leg

50
Q

Hamstrings*

A

Muscle that act on the leg ( posterior thigh muscle 3 muscles make up)

  • Biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
51
Q

Biceps Femoris*

A

Muscle that act on Leg (part of hamstring)
o= ischial tuberosity and linea aspera (2 orgins)
i= lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula (lateral shin bone)
a=flexes leg (knee), extends thigh (hip)

52
Q

Semitendinosus*

A

Muscle that act on Leg (part of hamstring)
o= Ischial tuberosity
i= Medial surface of proximal tibia
a= Flexes leg and extends thigh

53
Q

Semimembranosus*

A 
Muscle that act on Leg (part of hamstring) (most medial "more m's in the name)
Most medial on thigh
o= ischial tuberosity
i= medial condyle of dibia
a= flexes leg and extends thigh
54
Q

Gracilis

A

Muscle that act on Leg (long medial muscle running the inner thigh)
a= flexes leg and adducts thigh

55
Q

Satorius

A

Muscle that act on Leg (crisscross)

a= flex thigh and leg, rotates thigh laterally

56
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

Muscle that moves the foot and toes (antagonist of gastrocnemius)
a=dorsiflex foot

57
Q

Extensor digitorum longus* Longus=leg

A

Muscle that moves the foot and toes
o= Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula
i= dorsal surface of phalanges 2-5
a= extends toes, dorsiflex foot

58
Q

Peroneus longus

A

Muscle that moves the foot and toes (aka fibularis)

a= planter flexes (stand on toes)

59
Q

Gastrocnemius*

A

Muscle that moves the foot and toes (huge calf muscle)
o=Above lateral and medial condyles of femur
i= calcaneus by way of achilles tendon
a=planter flexes foot and flexes knee

60
Q

Soleus

A

Muscle that moves the foot and toes (deep to gastrocnemius)

a= planter flexes foot

61
Q

Flexor digitorum longus*

A

Muscle that moves the foot and toes
o=posterior surface of tibia
i= distal phalanges 2-5
a= flexes toes (curls toes), planter flexes foot

62
Q

External abdominal oblique*

A

Muscle of the abdominal wall (most superficial)
o= lower 8 ribs
i= linia alba and iliac crest
a=compresses abdomen (sucking it in), flexes spine (doesnt attach but allows movement), depresses ribs

63
Q

Internal abdominal oblique (@ angle)

A

Muscle of the abdominal wall (deep to external)

a=compresses abdomen, flexes spine, depresses ribs

64
Q

Transversus Abdominis

A

Muscle of the abdominal wall

a= compresses abdomen

65
Q

Rectus Abdominis*

A

Muscle of the abdominal wall (deep to the oblique, aka 6 pack, covered in apanorisis)
o= xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
i= symphysis pubis
a= compresses abdomen, flexes vertebral column, depresses ribs

66
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscle used in breathing

a= increases size of thoracic cavity for breathing

67
Q

External intercostals*

A

Muscle used in breathing
o=one rib
i=to the next
a= breathing (elevates ribs)

68
Q

Internal intercostals*

A

Muscle used in breathing
o=one rib
i=to the next
a= breathing (elevates ribs)

69
Q

Erector Spinae

A

Muscles that move the vertebral column

a= extends the vertebral column

70
Q

occipitalis

A

Muscle of facial expression

a=draws scalp backward

Anatomy and Physiology (29 decks)

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