Articulations

Question 1

3 classifications of joints according to function

Answer 1

• Synarthrose- non movable
• Amphiarthroses- slightly movable
• Diarthroses- Freely movable

Question 2

Synarthroses

Answer 2

Non-movable joint- ex suture

Question 3

Amphiarthrose

Answer 3

Slightly movable

Question 4

Diarthroses

Answer 4

-Freely movable- ex shoulder

Question 5

3 types of fibrous joints and 2 types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 5

Fibrous joints
-suture- (cranial bone) bone connective tissue bone
no joint cavity (synarthrosis)
-syndesmosis (radius-ulna) bone fibrous connective tissue bone (amphiarthrosis)
-gomphosis (root of tooth and alveoli) (synarthrosis)
Cartilaginous joints—- bone cartilage bone
-synchondrosis- epiphyseal plate or sternacostal 1
-symphysis- bone fibrocartilge bone—
Intervertebral discs, symphysis pubis (amphiarthrosis)

Question 6

Describe three major components of a synovial joint.

Answer 6

• Bone space bone
• there is a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid made by the membrane
• there is an outer fibrous joint capsule as well as ligaments holding bones in place.
• menisci- pads of fibrocartilage in the knee joint
• Bursae-cushion, some joints have this in high areas of friction

Question 7

Flexion

Answer 7

decreasing

flexion of shoulder joint is when you swing your arm forward, flexion of the hip is when you swing your thigh forward

Question 8

dorsiflexion

Answer 8

of ankle stand on heel, toes to sky

Question 9

extension

Answer 9

increasing angle

Extension of knee is straightening it, extension of shoulder/hip is swinging arm/thigh backwards.

Question 10

hyperextention

Answer 10

increasing angle past anatomical position

Question 11

rotation

Answer 11

turn medial and lateral

Question 12

circumduction

Answer 12

turning 360- head circles

Question 13

inversion

Answer 13

soles facing foot

Question 14

eversion

Answer 14

soles facing away

Question 15

adduction

Answer 15

away from boddy

Question 16

abduction

Answer 16

towards body

Question 17

planter flexion

Answer 17

standing on tippy toes

Question 18

protraction

Answer 18

jaw bone forward

Question 19

retraction

Answer 19

jaw bone back

Question 20

supination

Answer 20

lateral rotation hands up

Question 21

pronaton

Answer 21

palms down

Question 22

elevation

Answer 22

up

Question 23

depression

Answer 23

down

Question 24

name the 6 types of synovial joints

Answer 24

1. gliding
2. hinge
3. pivot
4. elliposoidal
5. Saddle
6. ball and sockey

Question 25

Gliding

Answer 25

flat against flat, side to side, back and forth

inter carpal/tarsal, acrominoclavicular, inbetween vertabrae

Question 26

Hinge

Answer 26

• Spool shape in a cup
• flexion, extention
• elbow ankle, trocular notch of humuros and ulna

Question 27

Pivot

Answer 27

Dense of the Atlas and Axis, rotation to shake head no.

Question 28

Ellipsoidal

Answer 28

Egg in spoon

-radio carpal, metacarpophalangeal

Question 29

Saddle

Answer 29

• egg tilted in spoon (think thumb) pollex

- Same as ellipsoidal but freerer

Question 30

Ball and Socket

Answer 30

Rotation, flext extend, circomduct

-hip, shoulder