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Anatomy and Physiology > Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Name the bones of the Pectoral Girdle, what articulates, and major feature

A

-Holds arms- greatest mobility in body

  • Clavicle- collar bone
  • -articulates with manubrium of sternum and acromion of the scapula
  • Scapula- shoulder blade (spine, acromion process, coracoid process, glenoid fossa, supraspinous fossa, intraspinous fossa_
  • -articulates with glenoid fossa with the head of the humerus
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2
Q

Acromion Process

A
  • Scapula
  • Rough projection from the spine, connects deltoid muscle
  • connects with the clavical
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3
Q

Spine (of Scapula)

A

ridge located on the posterior side of bone

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4
Q

Coracoid Process

A

Scapula
rough bumpy, bicep muscle connection
anterior point of shoulder joint

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5
Q

Glenoid Fossa

A

Scapula-sockey

articulates with the humurous (shoulder dip)

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6
Q

Infraspinous Fossa

A

Scapula

Superior side of bone

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7
Q

Supraspinous Fossa

A

Scapula

Superior side of bone

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8
Q

Subscapular fossa

A

Scapula

Anterior suface for muscle connection

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9
Q

Name the bones of the Pectoral Appendages (upper)

A

30 bones

  1. Humurous- bone of the branchium
  2. Radius- Lateral bone of four arm
  3. Ulna-medial bone of four arm
  4. Carpals- 8 bones arranged in 2 rows
  5. metacarpals- 5 bones of the hand
  6. Phalanges- 14 bones- proximal, medial, distal
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10
Q

Humerus

A
  • Articulates with glenoid fossa of the scapula
  • Head- smooth ball at proximal end
  • Shaft- (aka) diaphysis (long part of bone)
  • greater and lesser tubercles-proximal point of head, for muscle attachment
  • Deltoid tuberosity-connects with deltoid muscle, on shaft
  • trochlea- condyle- medial (pinky side) (SPOOL OF THREAD) inferior part of bone
  • Capitulum-condyle-lateral surface-articulates with the head of the radius-distal end(elbow side)
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11
Q

Radius

A
  • lateral bone of four arm (thumb side)
  • head like a button cap, articulates with capitulum of humerus
  • Styloid process-for stabilization
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12
Q

Ulna

A
  • Medial bone of four arm (pinky side)
  • Olecranon process-elbow-rough projection
  • Semilunar=Trochlea notch- articulates with the trochler of humerus
  • Styloid process- wrist nob, stabilizes carpal joint
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13
Q

Olecranon Process

A

Ulna- elbow superior process of semilunar arch (trochlear notch)

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14
Q

Trochlear notch

A

Ulna- articulates with the trochlea of humeros

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15
Q

Trochlea

A

Condyle- spool of thread-superior of humerus

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16
Q

Capitulum

A

Distal end towards elbow of the humerus

articulates with head of radius

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17
Q

Carpals

A
  • 8 bones in two rows of 4
  • short bones
  • Proximal row articulates with radius
  • Distal row articulates with metacarpals
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18
Q

Metacarpals

A
  • 5 bones

- numbered lateral to medial (thumb to pinky)

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19
Q

Phalanges (Phalanx)

A
  • bones of digits
  • arranged in proximal, medial, distal
  • 14 phalanges per hand (thumb has only 2, others have 3)
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20
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb

Only has proximal and distal phalanges

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21
Q

Hallux

A

Big Toe

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22
Q

Digit

A

latin root

fingers and toes

23
Q

how many phalanges in each hand/foot

A

14

24
Q

list the three fetal bones that make up the acetabulum

A

Ilium-superior
Ischium-inferior, posterior
Pubis-inferior, anterior

25
Q

Name our largest sesamoid bone

A

patella

26
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

-bone formed in tendon

27
Q

name the bones of the pelvic girdle

A
  • Coxal bone
  • -ilium, ischium pubis fused
  • sacroiliac joint- articulated with sacrum (unlike most joints b/c its rough)
  • Iliac crest- most superior edge (hipbone)
  • Ischial Tuberosity- anchor hamstring rough bumpy, sticks out
  • Obturator foramen- sciatic nerve and arteries pass
  • Pubis symphysis-made of fibrocartilage, joining two sides of pelvic bone.
  • Acetabulum- where femur articulates, points laterally, all three parts contribute to this socket
28
Q

Coxal Bone

A

formed by the joining fetal bones the Illium, Ischium, and Pubis bone

29
Q

Illium

A

the most superior bone of the coxal bone

30
Q

Ischium

A

inferior and posterior of the coxal bone

31
Q

Pubis

A

Inferior and anterior of the coxal bone

32
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A

Articulates with the sacrum, posterior. (rough, unlike other joints)

33
Q

Iliac Crest

A

most superior edge (hip bone)

34
Q

Ischial Tuberosity

A

Sticks out, rough and bumpy, anchors hamstring muscle inferior posterior enge

35
Q

Obturator Foramen

A

big hole where arteries and sciatic nerve passes

36
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

connection between R&L fibrocartilge

37
Q

Acetabelum

A

The joint socket that articulates with femur, points laterally

38
Q

Pelivc Appendage

A
  • 30 bones
  • Femur, articulates with acetabulum with the coxal bone, distally articulates with the patella. The condyles articulate with the condyles of the tibia.
  • Patella-sesmoid bone of the knee, articulates only with the femer
  • Tibia- medial bone of the shin(the larger) articulated with the fibula both proximally and distally. Also articulates with the tarsals
  • Fibula-lateral bone- articulates with the tibia and tarsals
  • Tarsals-7- then articulate with metatarsals and phalanges. (including the hallux)
39
Q

Femer

A

Thigh bone
strongest bone in the body
Head- articulates with the acetabulum- proximal, medial
-greater and lesser trochanter- proximal, rough and bumpy for muscle attachment, (only one in body)
-Lateral and medial condyles- smooth and articular, medial side of head
-Lateral and medial epicondyles- bony projection above the knee
-linea aspera- posterior side for muscle attachment

40
Q

Patella

A

Knee cap

articulates with the femur only

41
Q

Tibia

A
  • Medial bone of the leg
  • lateral and medial condyles-proximal end articulates with femur for knee joint
  • Tibial tuberosity- bump on the proximal and anterior for quad muscle attachment
42
Q

Fibula-

A

Lateral bone of the leg-

-lateral malleoulus- the outside ankle bone

43
Q

Tarsal bones

A

7 of them

  • Calcaneous- largest tarsal, heel bone,
  • Talaus- second largest tarsal, articulates with the tibia and fibula
44
Q

Medatarsals

A

5 bones of the foot numbered 1 with the big toe to 5 with the pinkey side

45
Q

Phalanges

A

same as hands 14 bones 2 in toe, called the hallux

46
Q

Coronoid process

A

Ulna. Inferior process of the semilunar notch

47
Q

Anterior superior spine

A

Ilium

48
Q

Posterior superior spine

A

Ilium

49
Q

Anterior inferior spine

A

Iliam

50
Q

ishial Tuberosity

A

Ischium

51
Q

Lesser and greater sciatic notches

A

Ischium

52
Q

Gluteal Tuberosity

A

Femer

53
Q

Tibial Tuberosity

A

Tibia

Anatomy and Physiology (29 decks)

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