hormones of reproduction

Question 1

describe the glands that makes and the function of testosterone

Answer 1

• Made by the interstitial cells of the testis

- has a negative feedback on LH and GnRH

Question 2

describe the glands that makes and the function of GnRH

Answer 2

• Made by hypothalamus
• this is the inciting hormone for puberty
• stimulates the pituitary gland to make FSH, ICSH, and Inhibin

Question 3

describe the glands that makes and the function of FSH

Answer 3

• Made by brain

- Stimulates Spermatogenesis

Question 4

describe the glands that makes and the function of LH (ICSH)

Answer 4

• Made by brain

- stimulates the interstitial cells to make testosterone

Question 5

describe the glands that makes and the function Inhibin

Answer 5

• made by the testes

- inhibits FSH (which stimulates spermatogenesis)

Question 6

describe the glands that makes and the function GnRH (F)

Answer 6

• made by the hypothalamus
• starts puberty and starts the period
• its role is to stiumulate anterior pituitary gland to make FSH and LH

Question 7

describe the glands that makes and the function of FSH (F)

Answer 7

• made by hypothalamus, released by anterior pituitary gland
• Stimulated by GnRH
• causes follicle menstruation over the first couple weeks

Question 8

describe the glands that makes and the function LH (F)

Answer 8

• Made by the hypothalamus, released by Ant. Pituitary
• Stimulated by GnRH
• By day 14 the LH levels spike resulting in ovulation

Question 9

describe the glands that makes and the function of Estrogen

Answer 9

• As the follicle enlarges, it also makes more estrogen
• A positive feed back on hypothalamus, causes high levels of hormones
• stimulates the thickness of the endometrium
• Stimulates GnRH release

Question 10

describe the glands that makes and the function of Pogesterone

Answer 10

• made by the follicle cells after ovulation
• inhibits GnRH release which results in a thick endometrium
• After ovulation the corpus luteum makes both estrogen and progesterone.
• The 2 hormones (Estrogen) case a very thick endometrium and work to inhibit the other hormones by stopping the GnRH production

Question 11

Describe the physical and hormonal changes that affects the uterus during the menstrual cycle

Answer 11

-With out supportive hormones such as FSH and LH the corpus luteum dies by about day 28. Without progesterone and estrogen to support it, the endometrium also dies, and is sloughed off during the first 3-5 days of the next cycle.

Question 12

Describe the function of HCG and where and when it is produced

Answer 12

• HCG is made by embryo from about weeks 2-12
• It is the hormone that is tested in home pregnancy test (also associated with morning sickness)
• It keeps the corpus luteum alive so that endometrium won’t shed like an normal menses cycle
• by keeping the corpus luteum alive, estrogen and progesterone continue to be produced

Question 13

describe the effects of relaxin and oxytocin. Where are they produced?

Answer 13

• Relaxin is made by the placenta and relaxes the mom’s pelvic structures making it easier for baby to pass
• Oxytocin causes uterine contractions, forcing babys head into the cervix (positive feedback, as cervix pressure causes more oxytocin to be released)