Muscle Tissue - Quiz 1 Flashcards
What are 2 features of skeletal muscles?
striated
voluntary control
What are 3 features of cardiac muscle tissue?
striated
involuntary
found only in the walls of the heart
What are 3 features of smooth muscle?
located in walls of hollow internal structures
lacks striations
involuntary
What are the 5 functions of muscle tissue?
motion
stabilizing body position
regulating organ volume
movement of substances within the body
thermogenesis
How do muscles contribute to thermogenesis?
muscle contraction and shivering
What is a skeletal muscle cell AKA?
muscle fiber
What is a muscle cell membrane called?
sarcolemma
What is the cytoplasm of a muscle cell called?
sarcoplasm
What are fascia?
sheets of fibrous CT deep to skin that surrounds muscles or other organs
What is superficial fascia?
areolar CT with nerves and blood vessels destined for muscles.
What does adipose tissue in superficial fascia do?
provide heat insulation
mechanical protection to underlying muscles
stores for triglycerides
What is deep fascia?
dense, irregular CT that lines the external body wall and holds muscles together in muscle groups.
What are the 3 layers of CT that extend from the deep fascia into the muscle to add strength?
epimysium
perimysium
endomysium
This dense irregular CT encircles the whole muscle beneath the deeps fascia
epimysium
This dense irregular CT surrounds bundles of 10-100 individual muscle cells forming bundles called fascicles.
perimysium
This areolar CT separates each muscle fiber tissue from another?
endomysium
Narrow cords of dense, irregular CT that joins muscle to the periosteum of bone is called?
tendons
What are aponeuroses?
broad, sheet like tendons
Each muscle fibre is innervated with what?
One branch of an axon
Motor neurons and capillaries supply muscle fibers through what layer?
the endomysium
What are T tubules?
perpendicular invaginations of the sarcolemma that penetrate into the cytoplasm.
What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
a modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions for muscle contractions.
What 4 things are in the sarcoplasm?
mitochondria
glycogen
myoglobin
myofibrils
What creates the striations in muscle fiber?
the arrangement of myofibrils in the muscle fiber
What are thick filaments composed of?
myosin
What are thin filaments composed of?
actin, troponin and tropomyosin
A myofibril consists of these joined end to end in a column?
sarcomeres
What are the 3 types of proteins in myofibrils?
Contractile proteins
Regulatory proteins
Structural proteins
What are the 2 contractile proteins?
actin and myosin
What structural protein allows the sarcomere to return to resting length?
Titin
What is the basic functional unit of a muscle?
sarcomeres
What separates one sarcomere from the next?
z discs
What is the dark line in the middle of the sarcomere?
the M line
