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AP 1 > Epithelials - Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Epithelials - Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is histology?

A

The study of tissues

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2
Q

What are the four types tissues?

A
  1. Epithelial tissues
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Muscle tissue
  4. Nervous tissue
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3
Q

A zygote undergoes multiple rounds of what?

A

Mitosis

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4
Q

A zygote that has undergone mitosis becomes what?

A

a multicellular blastocyst

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5
Q

What are the three germ layers?

A

ectoderm - outer layer
mesoderm - middle layer
endoderm - inner layer

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6
Q

The two most common tissue stains are what?

A

hematoxylin and eosin

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7
Q

What are the 5 types of cell junctions?

A
  1. tight junctions
  2. adherens junctions
  3. desmosomes
  4. hemidesmosomes
  5. gap junction
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8
Q

What are the three arrangements of epithelial tissues?

A

simple
stratified
pseudostratified

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9
Q

What are the main cell shapes of epithelial cells?

A

squamous (flat)
cuboidal (square)
columnar (tall and narrow)

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10
Q

What are the functions of simple squamous cells?

A

diffusion, filtration, osmosis

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11
Q

What are the functions of simple cuboidal cells

A

absorption and secretion

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12
Q

What are functions of non-ciliated simple columnar cells?

A

secretion and absorption
may have microvilli to increase surface area for absorption
goblet cells to provide mucus

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13
Q

What are functions of ciliated simple columnar cells?

A

lining tubes
goblet cell provide mucus
adapted to move mucus by ciliary action

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14
Q

What are the functions of stratified squamous cells?

A

lining/protection
note: bottom layer looks like cuboidal or columnar

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15
Q

What are the functions of stratified cuboidal cells?

A

protection/secretion

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16
Q

What are the functions of transitional epithelial cells?

A

lining of the bladder, ureter and urethra

17
Q

What are the functions of pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells?

A

adapted to move mucus
goblet cells provide mucus

18
Q

What are the 2 types of glands?

A

endocrine glands
exocrine glands

19
Q

What are the structural classifications of exocrine glands?

A

unicellular
multicellular (most)

20
Q

What are the functional classifications of exocrine glands?

A

merocrine glands
apocrine glands
holocrine glands

21
Q

Where are simple squamous cells found?

A

alveoli, Bowman’s capsule of kidney, lining walls of blood vessels

22
Q

where are simple cuboidal cells found?

A

kidney tubules. glands, ovaries

23
Q

where are non-ciliated simple columnar cells found?

A

GI tract, ducts of many glands

24
Q

Where are stratified squamous cells found?

A

mouth and anus (non-keratinized), vagina (non-keratinized), skin (keratinized)

25
Q

Where are transitional cells found?

A

lining of the bladder, ureter & urethra

26
Q

where are pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells found?

A

upper respiratory tract.

27
Q
A

AP 1 (11 decks)

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