Bone Physiology Quiz 2 Flashcards
What are the 2 types of bone?
compact or spongy
What type of bone forms the external layer of all bones and the bulk of the diaphyses of long bones?
compact bone
What type of bone resists loading stresses?
compact bone
What are the basic structural unit of compact bone?
osteons
What are lacunae?
small spaces between the lamellae which contain osteocytes
What are lamellae?
rings of hard calcified matrix found around the central canals.
What are canaliculi?
tiny canals which radiate in all directions from the lacunae.
What connects the lacunae together and to the central canals?
canaliculi
What encircle the cortical region beneath the periosteum and encircle the medullary cavity?
circumferential lamellae
True or false: spongy bone contains osteons
False
What is the irregular framework of lamellae in spongy bone called?
trabeculae
What is contained in the space between the trabeculae?
red bone marrow
Where are the lacunae in spongy bone?
within the trabeculae
What are interstitial lamellae?
fragments of older osteons that have been partially destroyed during growth and remodeling
Where are interstitial lamellae found?
in between osteons
Spongy bone makes up most of the bone tissue in what type of bones?
short, flat and irregular bones
Where does the nutrient artery enter the bone shaft?
through the nutrient foramen
Where do nutrient veins exit the bone?
with their accompanying artery
What part of bone is particularly rich in sensory nerves?
the periosteum
What is bone formation called?
Ossification
What are the 2 ways bones grow?
length and width
How do bones grow longer?
interstitial growth which occurs by endochondral ossification
Where do bones grow longer?
the cartilaginous regions of long bones
What permits growth of the the diaphysis of long bones?
the epiphyseal growth plate
