Muscle Tissue And Oraganization Flashcards
What are the 4 types of muscles?
1) skeleton
2) smooth
3) cardiac
4) tendon
What do skeletal muscle help with?
Motor movements
Where are smooth muscles found?
Lining the intestines
Where are cardiac muscles found?
In the heart
What do tendon muscles connect?
Muscle to bone
4 things all muscles are?
1) Excitable
2) elastic
3) extensible
4) contractible
What do origin mean?
Least motile attachment
What does insertion mean?
Most motile attachment
What does efferent mean?
Descending to muscles
What does afferent mean?
Ascending to the brain
What is a aponeurosis?
A sheet like tendon
What are the two types of aponeurosis?
1) galea aponeurotica
2) rectus sheath
What does atrophy mean?
Muscle cells shrinking in size
What does hypertrophy mean?
Muscle cells growing over time
What does dystrophy mean?
Muscle cells being replaced by tissue
What are the 4 shapes of muscles and what arrangement do they create?
1) circular- creates a circular arrangement
2) convergent- fibers converge onto a common attachment site
3) parallel- fibers run parallel with one another
4) pennate- fibers fan out from a common tendon
Where is a circular muscle found?
The obicularis oris/occuli
Where are convergent muscles found?
The pec major/minor
Where are parallel muscle found?
Biceps brachii and rectus abdominis
What are the 2 types on pennate muscles?
Unipennate- tendon on one side
Bipennate- tendon in middle
What is an example of a unipennate muscle?
Vastus medialis/lateralis
What is an example of a bipennate muscle?
Rectus femoris
What are the three workings of muscles?
1) synergist
2) antagonist
3) agonist
What does synergist mean?
Muscles with the same action as prime mover
What does antagonist mean?
Opposite motion as prime mover
What does agonist mean?
The prime mover
