Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What is the nerve with the roman numeral 1?
The Olfactory nerve
Is the Olfactory nerve motor or sensory?
Sensory
What does the olfactory nerve control?
Smell
Where is the olfactory nerve located and what passes through it?
It is on either side of the crista galli
The chemoreceptors pass through the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
What is the nerve with the roman numeral 2?
The optic nerve
What does the optic nerve control?
Sight
Where is the optic nerve located?
In the retina (back of the eye)
What is the optic chiasma?
The point where the optic nerves meet up with each other
Which nerves cross over and which don’t?
The temporal nerves cross over and the nasal nerves don’t
What is posterior to the optic chiasma?
The optic tract
Is the optic nerve motor or sensory?
Sensory
What is the nerve with the roman numeral 3?
The oculomotor nerve
Is the oculomotor nerve motor or sensory?
Motor
What does the intrinsic aspect of the oculomotor nerve do?
Constricts the pupil and the muscles that change shape of lens
What does the extrinsic aspect of the oculomotor nerve do?
The muscles that move the eye up and medial
What is the nerve with the roman numeral 4?
The trochlear nerve
Is the trochlear nerve a motor or sensory nerve?
It is a motor nerve
What movement does the trochlear nerve produce?
A downward and lateral movement of the eye
What nerve has the Roman numeral 5?
The trigeminal nerve
Is the trigeminal nerve motor or sensory?
Both
What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve?
1) Opthalmic
2) maxillary
3) mandibular
What does the motor part of the trigeminal nerve control?
The muscles used for mastication
What are the three muscles used for mastication?
Masseter, temporalis, pterygoids
What does the sensory part of the trigeminal nerve control?
Facial sensations through the three branches
What part of the face does the opthalmic branch cover?
The skin covering the frontal bone, the eyes, and nose
Where does the nerve for the opthalmic branch come out of?
The superior orbital fissure
What part of the face does the maxillary branch cover?
The area in between the opthalmic branch and the mandibular branch, the cheek bone, and the upper lips
Where does the nerve for the maxillary branch come out of?
The foramen rotundum
What part on the face does the mandibular branch cover?
The temples, lower jaw, lower lip, and the chin
What is the nerve with the Roman numeral 6?
The abducens nerve
Is the abducens nerve motor or sensory?
Motor
What movement of the eye does the abducens nerve control?
Moves the eye laterally
What nerve has the Roman numeral 7?
The facial nerve
Is the facial nerve motor or sensory?
Both
What does the motor part of the facial nerve control?
Facial expressions and stimulates salivary glands
What 4 muscles are used to create facial expressions?
1) epicranius
2) buccinator
3) obicularis oris
4) platysma
What muscles are used to stimulate salivary glands?
Sublingual, submandibular
What does the sensory part of the facial nerve control
The taste of the front 2/3 of the tongue
What nerve has the Roman numeral 8?
The vestibulocochlear nerve
Is the vestibulocochlear nerve motor or sensory?
Sensory
What are the 2 branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve?
1) vestibular branch
2) cochlear branch
What does the vestibular branch help with?
Balance and equilibrium
What does the cochlear branch help with?
Hearing
What does the cochlear branch arise from?
The cochleae
What nerve has the Roman numeral 9?
The glossopharyngeal nerve
Is the glossopharyngeal nerve motor or sensory?
Both
What does the motor aspect of the glossopharyngeal nerve control?
The swallowing reflex and secretion of saliva
What gland secretes saliva?
The parotid gland
What does the sensory aspect of the glossopharyngeal nerve control?
Controls bitter taste, and the back portion of the tongue
What nerve has the Roman numeral 10?
The vagus nerve
What is the nickname for the vagus nerve?
The wandering nerve
Is the vagus nerve motor or sensory?
Both
What does the motor aspect of the vagus nerve control?
Speech and innervates pharynx and larynx
What does the sensory aspect of the vagus nerve control?
Internal organs
What internal organs does the sensory aspect of the vagus nerve control?
The pharynx, larynx, heart, lungs, esophagus, abdominal, eardrums, etc….
What nerve has the Roman numeral 11?
The accessory nerve
Is the accessory nerve motor or sensory?
Motor
What are the 2 different roots of the accessory nerve?
1) the cranial root
2) the spinal root
What does the cranial root of the accessory nerve do?
Contracts the pharynx muscles during swallowing
What does the spinal root of the accessory nerve do?
Innervates trapezius and sternocleidomastoids
What nerve has the Roman numeral 12?
The hypoglossal nerve
Is the hypoglossal nerve motor or sensory?
Motor
What does the hypoglossal nerve innervate?
The muscles of tongue and muscles that move the tongue
What motion does the hypoglossal nerve help create?
Sticking the tongue out
What is the mnemonics to remember the cranial nerves?
O - Oh
O - once
O - one
T - takes
T - the
A - anatomy
F - final
V - very
G - good
V - vacations
A - are
H - heavenly
What is the mnemonics to remember if the nerves are motor or sensory?
S - some
S - say
M - marry
M - money
B - but
M - my
B - brother
S - says
B - big
B - brains
M - matter
M - most
