Muscle tissue Flashcards
T/F Contractility is the key feature of muscle
TRUE
Sarcolemma
Muscle cell membrane
Sarcoplasm
Is the cytoplasm of muscle
Skeletal Muscle
-Elongated, large, multinucleated fibers. Strong quick and voluntary contractions
Cardiac muscle
-Irregular branched cells bound together longitudinally by intercalated discs. Strong involuntary contractions
Smooth muscle
Grouped, fusiform cells. Weak involuntary contractions
Longitudinal section in skeletal muscle are separated by
-Very thin endomysium that includes fibroblast nucleus
Muscle nuclei are found
against sarcolemma
Each fiber has three of four
Myofibrils whose striations are slightly out of alignment
Myofibrils
Cylindrical bundles of thick and thin myofilaments
Cardiac muscles are bound together by
Intercalated discs. They have centrally located nuclei.
A fiber consists of cells in a series joined at interdigitating regions called
Intercalated discs
Transverse regions of the intercalated discs have
Abundant desmosomes and adherent junctions
Longitudinal discs have
Gap junctions to allow exchange of ions
Electric synapses
promoting rapid impulse conduction through many cardiac cells and contraction of many adjacent cells
Impulses of heartbeat are initiated, regulated, and coordinated by
Nodes of myocardial fibers
Contraction of individual myocardial fibers
All-or-none
Nerve fibers that accelerate heartbeat
Sympathetic
Nerve fibers that decrease heartbeat
Parasympathetic
Ischemia
Damage to tissue due to lack of oxygen
Adult mammal heart muscle has little potential to regenerate because
It lacks satellite cells
Smooth muscle is specialized for
involuntary slow, steady contractions under the influence of autonomic nerves
Smooth muscle forms a major component of what tracts?
Digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive, blood vessels and their organs.
What allows multicellular tissue to contract as a unit in smooth muscle?
Thin filaments attached to dense bodies located at the cell membare
Which muscle tissue does not have all or noting contractions?
Smooth muscle
Fibers of skeletal muscle tissue
Single multinucleate cells in parallel
Cell shape of skeletal muscle tissue
Cylindrical cells, many cm lomg
Does skeletal muscle tissue have striations present?
Yes
What is the connective tissue of skeletal muscle?
endomysium, perimysium, epimysium
Locations of skeletal muscle tissue
skeletal muscles, tongue, eye, diaphragm
Key function of skeletal connective tissue
Voluntary
what is the only tissue with motor innervation?
Skeletal. Smooth and cardiac are autonomic
Contractions of skeletal muscle tissue
all or none, starting at the motor end plate
skeletal muscle response to increase overload
hypertrophy
Regeneration ability of skeletal muscle
Limited
Cardiac fibers
cells aligned in branching pattern
Cell shape of cardiac cells
cylindrical 50-100 micrometers long