Muscle Review: Exam 1 Flashcards
Iliopsoas
Insertion/Origin: Combined iliacus and psoas major, inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur
Innervation: L2-L4
Blood supply: medial femoral circumflex artery and iliolumbar artery
Action: Flexes the hip
Pectineus
Insertion/Origin: Inserts on pectineal line near lesser trochanter
Innervation: femoral nerve
Blood Supply: obturator artery
Action: thigh flexion and abduction
Quadriceps
Insertion/Origin: rectus femoris on the hip, vastus muscles on the femur, all insert on tibial tuberostiy
Innervation: femoral nerve
Blood Supply: femoral artery
Action: flex thigh at the hip (rectus femoris) and extesion of the leg
Sartorius
Insertion/Origin: ASIS to pes anserinus
Innervation: femoral nerve
Blood Supply: femoral atery
Action: flexion of thigh, lateral rotation of thigh, abduction of thigh, flexion of knee
Adductor longus/brevis
Insertion/Origin: linea aspera to pubis
Innervation: anterior branch of obturator nerve (longus) - obturator nerve (brevis)
Blood Supply: deep femoral artery
Action: adduction of thigh
Adductor magnus
Insertion/Origin: linea aspera to pubis/ischeal tuberosity
Innervation: posterior branch of obturator nerve (adduction) and tibial nerve (hamstring)
Blood Supply: deep femoral artery
Action: adduction and extension of hip
Gluteus maxiumus
Insertion/Origin: hip bone to gluteal tuberosity of femur
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
Blood Supply: superior and inferior gluteal arteries
Action: extension of hip, supports extended knee, abduction of hip (lateral rotation)
Gluteus medius/minimus
Insertion/Origin: Ilium to greater trochanter
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Blood Supply: superior gluteal artery
Action: abduction and medial rotation (anterior portions)
Tensor fascia lata
Insertion/Origin: iliac crest to iliotibial tract
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Blood Supply: lateral circumflex femoral artery
Action: flexion of thigh, medial rotation and abduction
Piriformis
Insertion/Origin: sacrum to great trochanter (medial surface)
Innervation: nerve to the piriformis
Blood Supply: gluteal arteris
Action: lateral rotation
Superior/inferior gemelli
Insertion/Origin: ischeal tuberostiy to obturator tendon
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris/oburator internus
Blood Supply: inferior gluteal artery
Action: lateral rotation
Obturator internus
Insertion/Origin: pubic ramus to obturator membrane
Innervation: nerve to obturator internus
Blood Supply: inferior gluteal artery
Action: lateral rotation
obturator externus
Insertion/Origin: -
Innervation: posterior branch of obturator nerve
Blood Supply: obturator artery
Action: lateral rotation, adduction
Semitendinosus
Insertion/Origin: ischium to pes anserinus
Innervation: tibial divison of sciatic nerve
Blood Supply: inferior gluteal artery
Action: flexion of leg, extension of hip
Semimembranosis
Insertion/Origin: ischium to tibia
Innervation: tibial division of sciatic nerve
Blood Supply: deep femoral
Action: flexion of leg and extension of thigh
Biceps femrosi
Insertion/Origin: ischium (long head) and femur (short head) to fibula
Innervation: tibial nerve (long head) and common peroneal nerve (short head)
Blood Supply: gluteal arteries, perforating arteries, popliteal
Action: flexion of leg and extension of thigh (only long head)
Popliteus
Insertion/Origin: lateral femur to medial tibia
Innervation: tibial nerve
Blood Supply: popliteal artery
Action: rotates tibia medially when foot is off the ground, rotates femur laterally when foot is fixed
gastrocnemeus
Insertion/Origin: chondyles of the femur to achilles tendon
Innervation: tibial nerve
Blood Supply: sural arteries
Action: plantar flexes foot, flexes knee
flexor digitorum longus
Insertion/Origin: posterior tibia to plantar surface
Innervation: tibial nerve
Blood Supply: posterior tibial artery
Action: flex digits of foot
flexor hallicus longus
Insertion/Origin: fibula to plantar surface
Innervation: tibial nerve
Blood Supply: peroneal branch of posterior tibial artery
Action: flexes big toe
Soleus
Insertion/Origin: fibula to ankle
Innervation: tibial nerve
Blood Supply: sural arteries
Action: plantar flexion
tibialis posterior
Insertion/Origin: tibia and fibula to navicular and medial cuneiform
Innervation: tibial nerve
Blood Supply: posterior tibial artery
Action: inversion and plantar flexion of foot
Peroneus longus/brevis
Insertion/Origin: fibula to fifth metatarsal
Innervation: superficial peroneal
Blood Supply: peroneal artery
Action: plantarflexion/eversion
Extensor digitorum longus
Insertion/Origin: lateral tibia to dorsal foot
Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Blood Supply: anterior tibial artery
Action: extension of toes and dorsiflexion
Extensor hallicus longus
Insertion/Origin: fibula to big toe
Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Blood Supply: anterior tibial artery
Action: extends big toe and dorsiflexes foot
tibialis anterior
Insertion/Origin: lateral chondyle of tibia
Innervation: deep peroneal
Blood Supply: anterior tibial artery
Action: dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot
Pectoralis major
Insertion/Origin: clavicle and sternum to bicipital groove of humerus
Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Blood Supply: pectoral branch of thoracoacromial trunk
Action: adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
clavicular head - flexes extended humerus
sternocostal head - extend flexed humerus
pectoralis minor
Insertion/Origin: ribs to coracoid process
Innervation: medial pectoral nerve
Blood Supply: pectoral branch of thoracacromial trunk
Action: draws scapula inferiorly and anteriorly (pulls forward-protraction)
subclavius
Insertion/Origin: rib to clavicle
Innervation: nerve to subclavius
Blood Supply: thoracoacromial trunk
Action: depression of clavicle
serratus anterior
Insertion/Origin: ribs to anterior medial scapula
Innervation: long thoracic nerve
Blood Supply: -
Action: protracts scapula and rotates scapula superiorly
Trapezius
Insertion/Origin: scapula to spine
Innervation: spinal accessory (CN XI)
Blood Supply:
Action: elevates, retracts, depresses, rotates scapula
Latissiumus dorsi
Insertion/Origin: spinous process of vertebrae to intertubercular groove of humerus
Innervation: thoracodorsal
Blood Supply:
Action: extends medially rotates, adducts humerus
Rhomboids
Insertion/Origin: spinous processes of vertebrae to medial end of scapula
Innervation: dorsoscapular
Blood Supply:
Action: retracts, rotates inferiorly
levator scapulae
Insertion/Origin: skull to medial scapula
Innervation: C3,4,5
Blood Supply:
Action: elevates
supraspinatus
Insertion/Origin: superior scapula to greater tuberostiy of humerus
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Blood Supply:
Action: initiates abduction
infraspinatus
Insertion/Origin: posterior inferior scapula to greater tuberosity of humerus
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Blood Supply:
Action: laterally rotates
teres minor
Insertion/Origin:
Innervation: axillary nerve
Blood Supply:
Action: laterally rotates
subscapularis
Insertion/Origin:
Innervation: lower subscapular nerve
Blood Supply:
Action: medially rotates
deltoid
Insertion/Origin:
Innervation: axillary nerve
Blood Supply:
Action: abducts arm, anterior part helps to flex arm, posterior part helps to extend arm
teres major
Insertion/Origin:
Innervation: lower subscapular nerve
Blood Supply:
Action: extends, medially rotates, adducts
