Gluteal

Question 1

sacrospinous ligament

Answer 1

from sacrum to ischeal spine

Question 2

scrotuberous ligament

Answer 2

from sacrum/PSIS to ischeal tuberosity

Question 3

greater sciatic foramen

Answer 3

allows structures to pass for anterior to gluteal region

Question 4

less sciatic foramen

Answer 4

allows structures to pass from gluteal region to anterior

Question 5

superficial gluteal muscles

Answer 5

gluteus maximus, minimus, medius and tensor fascia lata

Question 6

deep gluteal muscles

Answer 6

obturator internus, piriformis, superior and inferior gemeli, quadratus femoris (short lateral rotators)

Question 7

hamstring muscles

Answer 7

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris

Question 8

gluteus maximus

Answer 8

pulls femur back towards a position of extension, main extender of the thigh when you need a lot of force, supplied by inferior gluteal nerve

Question 9

cluneal nerves

Answer 9

provides sensation to the skin over the buttocks

Question 10

gluteus medius

Answer 10

fibers originate between posterior and anterior line on the ilium and insert on the greater trocanter of the femur, abductor and medial rotator (anterior fibers rotate) - supplied by superior gluteal nerve

Question 11

gluteus minimus

Answer 11

fibers originate between anterior and inferior lines of the ilium and inserts on the greater trocanter, abductor and medial rotator (anterior fibers rotate) - supplied by superior gluteal nerve

Question 12

trendelenburg test

Answer 12

gluteus minimus and medius pull down when walking to prevent foot from dragging on surface (stabilize pelvis on supported side - abnormal doesnt pull down on femur - can hold a cane on the unaffected side

Question 13

tensor fascia lata

Answer 13

connects iliotibial tract to ilium, help to medially rotate the femur, supplied by superior gluteal nerve

Question 14

piriformis

Answer 14

originates inside pelvis on lateral part of the sacrum, nerves are named based around it

Question 15

superior gluteal nerve

Answer 15

innervates above piriformus, innervates gluteus medius and minimus and tensor fascia lata

Question 16

inferior gluteal nerve

Answer 16

comes from below the piriformis and supplies the gluteus maximus

Question 17

superior and inferior gemelli

Answer 17

connect pelvis to upper femur, pivots femur along long axis for lateral rotation

Question 18

obterator internus

Answer 18

originates on the inside of the pelvis, passes below ischeal spine and inserts on the trochateric fossa, pivots femor aroud long axis, lateral rotation

Question 19

quadratus femoris

Answer 19

originates at ischeal tuberosity and inserts on trocanteric fossa, lateral rotator

Question 20

obterator externus

Answer 20

starts on the outside of the obterator foramen and inserts at the neck of the femur, for lateral rotation, supplied by obterator nerve

Question 21

piriformis syndrome

Answer 21

sciatic nerve going through or around periformis muscle, causes a lot of pain

Question 22

muscles for flexion of the hip

Answer 22

psoas major and iliacus (rectus femoris, sartorius, tensor fascia lata)

Question 23

muscles for extension of the hip

Answer 23

gluteus maximus, semimembranosus and tendinosus, long head of biceps femoris

Question 24

muscles of abduction of the hip

Answer 24

gluteus medius and minimus (tensor fascia lata, sartorius, piriformis (when thigh flexed))

Question 25

muscles of adduction of the hip

Answer 25

adductor longus, brevis, magnus (pectineus and gracilis)

Question 26

muscles for medial rotation of the hip

Answer 26

tensor fasica lata, anterior fibers of gluteus medius and minimus

Question 27

muscles for lateral rotations of the hip

Answer 27

obturator externus, internus, gemelli, quadratus femoris, piriformis (gluteus maximus and sartorius)

Question 28

biceps femoris

Answer 28

originates from ischeal tuberosity and inserts in fibula, flexes the leg at the knee and extends the thigh at the hip (short head supplied by common peroneal and long head supplied by tibial sciatic nerve

Question 29

semiteninosus and semi membranosus

Answer 29

originates in the ischial tuberosity and inserts in the tibia, flexes the leg at the knee and extend the thigh at the hip, supplied by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve

Question 30

lumbar lordosis

Answer 30

weak hamstrings make pelvis shift downwards and result in a change in posture

Question 31

pes anserinus

Answer 31

“goose foot” common insertion site of sartorius, gracilus and semitendinosus

Question 32

sciatic nerves splits into…

Answer 32

tibial nerve and common peroneal (fibular) nerver

Question 33

tibial nerve supplies…

Answer 33

posterior compartments of thigh and leg and plantar surface of foot

Question 34

common peroneal nerve supplies…

Answer 34

anterior and lateral compartments of the legs