Muscle Anatomy

Question 1

The most abundant muscle type

Answer 1

Skeletal

Question 2

This function requires muscles to contract and pull on tendons, which will then move bones. Can be simple or highly coordinated.

Answer 2

Movement of the skeleton

Question 3

This function has constant muscle contractions to keep you upright or else you would collapse.

Answer 3

Maintenance of posture and body position

Question 4

This function can be observed in the abdominal and pelvic cavities…organs are safe and secure!

Answer 4

Support of soft tissue

Question 5

This function can be observed in digestive and urinary systems…muscles encircle and provide control of swallowing, urination, and defecation…

Answer 5

Guard entrances and exits

Question 6

This function involves energy and heat. Muscle contractions require energy and give off heat!

Answer 6

Maintain body temperature

Question 7

Skeletal muscle has _____ layers of connective tissue.

Answer 7

3

Question 8

This is a layer of collagen fibers that surround the entire muscle and separates them from other tissue and organs.

Answer 8

Epimysium

Question 9

This is a layer of connective tissue fibers that divides muscles into bundles.

Answer 9

Perimysium

Question 10

The bundles in the perimysium are called…

Answer 10

Fascicles

Question 11

Along with collagen and elastin, perimysium also contain…

Answer 11

Blood vessels and nerves

Question 12

This layer is within a fascicle. It surrounds each skeletal muscle fiber and ties muscle fibers together.

Answer 12

Endomysium

Question 13

When the collagen fibers at the end of a muscle come together to form a bundle it is a _____.

Answer 13

Tendon

Question 14

When the collagen fibers at the end of the muscle form a broad sheet it called a _______.

Answer 14

Aponeurosis

Question 15

A tendon connects muscle to

Answer 15

bone

Question 16

Blood vessels provide muscles with

Answer 16

nutrients and oxygen

Question 17

Nerves will

Answer 17

stimulate muscle contractions

Question 18

Skeletal muscles are ______, You control their action!

Answer 18

Voluntary

Question 19

Muscle fibers are composed of…

Answer 19

Myofibrils

Question 20

Inside a myofibril are…

Answer 20

Thin and thick filaments

Question 21

Repeating functional units of a myofibril are called

Answer 21

Sarcomeres

Question 22

The thin filaments inside the sarcomere that attach at the z-line…they have the active site for contraction.

Answer 22

Actin

Question 23

The thick filaments that will “walk” during contraction. They have heads and tails.

Answer 23

Myosin

Question 24

This is an active force applied to muscles

Answer 24

Tension

Question 25

Muscle fiber stimulation is known as a...

Answer 25

twitch

Question 26

This period/phase begins at stimulation, lasts about 2msec, and during this time Calcium is released.

Answer 26

Latent

Question 27

This period/phase is when tension rises to a peak and hits maximum tension after about 15msec.

Answer 27

Contraction

Question 28

This period/phase is when tension falls. Lasts about 25 msec.

Answer 28

Relaxation

Question 29

The proper sequence of events in a twitch

Answer 29

single stimulus --> Contraction --> relaxation

Question 30

This is when a second stimulus arrives before relaxation is complete.

Answer 30

Summation

Question 31

This is when the stimulation rate is so fast, relaxation is eliminated completely.

Answer 31

Complete tetanus

Question 32

This is when muscles keep some tension, so they are firm...not flaccid.

Answer 32

Tone

Question 33

This is when muscles become small and weak due to lack of stimulation.

Answer 33

Atrophy

Question 34

The primary method muscles use to gain energy.

Answer 34

Aerobic Respiration (Cellular respiration)

Question 35

Aerobic respiration requires this substance to work properly.

Answer 35

Oxygen

Question 36

If muscle demand increases rapidly, muscles will switch to this form of energy gain.

Answer 36

Lactic Acid Fermentation.

Question 37

The down side of lactic acid is

Answer 37

muscle fatigue...requires recovery. (it's also painful!)

Question 38

This type of fiber can contract in 0.01sec or less following stimulation.

Answer 38

Fast

Question 39

This type of fiber takes 3 times longer than their counterparts to contract, but can contract for extended periods.

Answer 39

Slow

Question 40

This type of fiber is associated with endurance...mainly because they need lots of oxygen.

Answer 40

Slow

Question 41

This type of muscle is dominated by fast twitch fibers.

Answer 41

White

Question 42

This type of muscle is dominated by slow fibers...it also contains lots of blood vessels.

Answer 42

Red