MSK Pathology 3

Question 1

Osgood-Schlatter disease: aka

Answer 1

Traction apophysitis

Question 2

Osgood-Schlatter disease: etiology

Answer 2

• repetitive tension to the patellar tendon in young athletes
• results in small allusion of tibial tuberosity and subsequent swelling

Question 3

Osgood-Schlatter disease: s/s

Answer 3

• to over patella tendon at insertion on tibial tubercle
• antalgic gait
• pain with increasing activity

Question 4

Osgood-Schlatter disease: treatment

Answer 4

• Education, flexibility

- eliminating activities that place strain on the patellar tendon such as squatting, running, jumping

Question 5

OA: etiology

Answer 5

• typically begins in middle age

- more common in men up to age 55, but more frequent in women after that

Question 6

OA: risk factors

Answer 6

• overweight
• fractures or other joint injuries
• occupational or athletic overuse

Question 7

OA: treatment goals

Answer 7

• reduce pain
• promote joint function
• protect the joint

Question 8

OI is a connective tissue disorder that affects the formation of _____ during bone development

Answer 8

Collagen

Question 9

OI: how many classifications?

Answer 9

4

Question 10

OI: etiology

Answer 10

• genetic inheritance
• types I and IV are autosomal dominant
• types II and III are autosomal recessive

Question 11

OI: s/s

Answer 11

• pathological fractures
• OP
• hypermobile joints
• bowing of the long bones
• weakness
• scoliosis
• impaired respiratory function

Question 12

Chondromalacia refers to

Answer 12

Softening of the articular cartilage

Question 13

Patellofemoral syndrome: etiology

Answer 13

repetitive overuse with increased force at PF joint

Question 14

Factors that influence Patellofemoral syndrome:

Answer 14

• decreased quad strength
• decreased LE flexibility
• patellar instability
• increased tibial torsion
• femoral anteversion

Question 15

Patellofemoral syndrome: s/s

Answer 15

• anterior knee pain
• pain with prolonged sitting
• swelling
• crepitus
• pain when ascending and descending stairs

Question 16

Plantar fasciitis: where is the problem?

Answer 16

Inflammation of the plantar fascia at the proximal insertion on the medial tubercle of the calcaneus

Question 17

Plantar fasciitis: etiology

Answer 17

• acute injury from excessive loading of the foot
• chronic irritation from an excessive amount of pronation
• prolonged duration of pronation

Most common in pts between age 40-60

Question 18

Plantar fasciitis: s/s

Answer 18

• top over PF insertion
• heel spur
• pain worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity
• difficulty with prolonged standing
• pain when walking in bare feet

Question 19

PCL sprain: most common causes of injury

Answer 19

• landing on tibia with a flexed knee

- dashboard injury with flexed knee

Question 20

PCL sprain: isolated?

Answer 20

Isolated tears are not common and often involve

• ACL
• MCL
• LCL
• menisci

Question 21

PCL sprain: s/s

Answer 21

• often asymptomatic

- (+) posterior drawer and sag sign

Question 22

If PCL surgery is performed, what is avoided for a minimum of 6 weeks?

Answer 22

Isolated hamstring exercises

Question 23

RA presents with a chronic inflammatory rxn in the synovial tissues of a joint that results in

Answer 23

erosion of cartilage and supporting structures within the capsule

Question 24

RA commonly begins in these joints

Answer 24

Small joints in the hand, foot, wrist, and ankle

Question 25

PCL sprain: RA etiology

Answer 25

• unknown cause
• women affected 3x more than men
• onset between 40-60

Question 26

RA: s/s

Answer 26

• symmetrical involvement
• pain and tenderness
• morning stiffness
• warm joints
• decreased appetite
• malaise/fatigue
• swan neck or boutonniere deformity
• low grade fever

Question 27

RA: goal of treatment

Answer 27

• reduce inflammation and pain
• promote joint function
• prevent joint destruction/deformity

Question 28

RA: these meds may be useful during flare-ups

Answer 28

Corticosteroids

*used here or when pt’s s/s aren’t responding to NSAIDs

Question 29

DMARDs for RA

Answer 29

• slow-acting/may take weeks or months to become effective

- ability to slow progression of joint destruction and deformity

Question 30

Intrinsic factors influencing RC tears

Answer 30

Impaired blood supply to the tendon, resulting in degeneration

Question 31

Extrinsic factors for RC tears

Answer 31

• trauma
• repetitive microtrauma
• postural abnormalities

Question 32

RC tear: how might they position their arm?

Answer 32

IR/adduction

Question 33

RC tear: primary goals of therapy

Answer 33

• prevent adhesive capsulitis

- strengthen UE musculature