Joint Classification Flashcards
fibrous jts =
synarthroses
cartilaginous jts =
amphiarthroses
synovial jts =
diarthroses
types of fibrous jts (synarthroses)
- suture
- syndesmosis
- gomphosis
types of cartilaginous jts (amphiarthroses)
- synchondrosis
- symphysis
types of synovial jts (diarthroses)
- uniaxial jt
- biaxial jt
- multi-axial jt
describe fibrous jts
- bone united by fibrous tissue
- nonsynovial
- minimal to no movement
describe cartilaginous jts
- hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage connects one bone to another
- slightly moveable
describe synovial jts
- free movement between bones
- most complex and vulnerable to injury
- classified by type of movement and shape of articulating bones
5 distinguishing characteristics of synovial jts
- joint cavity
- articular cartilage
- synovial membrane
- synovial fluid
- fibrous capsule
eventual fusion of suture is called
synostosis
What is a suture?
union of two bones by a ligament or membrane
What is a syndesmosis?
- bone connected to bone by dense fibrous membrane
- very little motion
*interosseous membrane (tib/fib)
What is a gomphosis?
- peg in hole
- tooth in socket
synchondrosis examples
true rib articulation
sternum
symphysis
- generally at midline of body
- two bones covered by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
- slight motion
*pubic symphysis
synovial: uniaxial jt
one motion around a single axis in one plane
- hinge (elbow)
- pivot (atlantoaxial)
synovial: biaxial jt
movement in two planes and around two axes through convex/concave surfaces
- condyloid (MCP jt)
- saddle (CMC jt of thumb)
synovial: multi-axial jt
movement in 3 planes and around 3 axes
- plane (gliding)- carpals
- ball and socket (hip)
