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Pharmacology Exam > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Oral steroids

A
  • Prednisone
  • Prednisolone
  • Methylprednisone
  • Dexamethasone
  • Hydrocortisone
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2
Q

Topical steroids

A
  • Fluocinonide
  • Triamcinolone
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Clobetasol propionate
  • Dexamethasone- Occular and otic inflam
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3
Q

Acetominophen

A
  • Centrally acting analgesic- decreases PG synthesis
  • NOT AN ANTIINFLAMMATORY
  • Max dose 4g daily- antidote acetylcysteine
  • Pain management
  • AE- hepatotoxicity, HA, DI, Increase BP, Manic/anxiety
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4
Q

Allopurinol

A
  • Acts on purine metabolism to decrease uric acid
  • Recurrent Ca oxalate stones, GOUT
  • AE- acute gout, rash
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5
Q

Colchicine

A
  • Binds inulin- inhibits cell division, limits neutrophil activation
  • Acute GOUT
  • AE- Diarrhea
  • CI- CYP34A, GB/LV/KI/LV/CV dz
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6
Q

Methadone

A
  • Mu opiod agonist
  • highest potency
  • pain, tx of opiod addition
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7
Q

Heroin

A
  • Mu opiod agonist
  • prodrug of morphine
  • severe pain
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8
Q

Morphine

A
  • Mu opiod agonist

- severe or acute pain

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9
Q

Oxycodone

A
  • Mu opiod agonist

- semi synthetic opioid for pain, also anti-tussive

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10
Q

Codeine

A
  • Mu opiod agonist

- prodrug converted to morphine for mild/mod pain or antitussive

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11
Q

Hydrocodone

A
  • Mu opiod agonist

- semi synthetic prodrug that converts to hydromophine for mild/moderate pain or anti-tussive

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12
Q

Fentanyl

A
  • opioid agonists

- chronic pain for patients that tolerate opiods

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13
Q

Tramadol

A
  • opioid agonists

- moderate to severe pain, also used for serotinin and NE uptake

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14
Q

Loperamide

A
  • opioid agonists

- anti-diarrhea- OTC

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15
Q

Dextromethorphan

A
  • opioid agonists

- Cough suppressant- OTC

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16
Q

Naloxone

A
  • Opioid antagonist

- IV admin to reverse opioid OD

17
Q

Naltrexone

A
  • Opioid antagonist
  • Opiod addiction and OD, alcoholism
  • AE- NV, HA
18
Q

Buprenorphine

A
  • partial mu agonist and weak kappa opiod antagonist

- pain management, opioid disorder

19
Q

Capsaicin

A
  • Rubicacient
  • Counter irritant, reduces presynaptic substance P
  • Topical for acute pain
20
Q

Alendronate

A
  • Bisphosphonate- decrease bone resorption by osteoclasts
  • Osteoparosis, pagets dz
  • Ca and vit D supplementation needed
  • AE GERD, osteonecrosis
  • CI- low Ca
21
Q

Raloxifene

A
  • SERM- both agonist adn antagonist, partial antiagonism in bone, antagonist in uterine/breast- reduce BrCA gene in post meno pts with osteoporosis or at high risk of Br CA
  • BLACK BOX increase risk of DVT, CVA, Death
  • AE- DVT, PE, CVS, endometrial CA
  • Pregnancy category X
22
Q

Calcitonin

A
  • Increases deposition of Ca and Ph in bone, inhibits osteoclasts
  • Osteoporosis, Pagets dz, hypercalcemia
23
Q

Aspirin

A
  • NSAID- central and peripheral- anti platelet
  • Inhibit COX1 and 2 to varying degrees, decrease PD synthesis, decrease leukocyte recruitment, increase cartilage destruction, decrease cartilage repair
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
24
Q

Ibuprofen

A
  • NSAID- central and peripheral- Mild pain
  • Inhibit COX1 and 2 to varying degrees, decrease PD synthesis, decrease leukocyte recruitment, increase cartilage destruction, decrease cartilage repair
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
25
Q

Naproxen

A
  • NSAID- central and peripheral- mild pain
  • Inhibit COX1 and 2 to varying degrees, decrease PD synthesis, decrease leukocyte recruitment, increase cartilage destruction, decrease cartilage repair
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
26
Q

Idomethacin

A
  • NSAID- central and peripheral- All types of arthritis, sx relief along with allopurinol in acute gout attack
  • Inhibit COX1 and 2 to varying degrees, decrease PD synthesis, decrease leukocyte recruitment, increase cartilage destruction, decrease cartilage repair
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
27
Q

Diclofenac

A
  • NSAID- central and peripheral- systemic, topical, opthalamic formulations, actinic keratosis, OA
  • Inhibit COX1 and 2 to varying degrees, decrease PD synthesis, decrease leukocyte recruitment, increase cartilage destruction, decrease cartilage repair
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
28
Q

Ketorolac

A
  • NSAID- central and peripheral- Short term, severe pain
  • Inhibit COX1 and 2 to varying degrees, decrease PD synthesis, decrease leukocyte recruitment, increase cartilage destruction, decrease cartilage repair
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
29
Q

Nepafenace

A
  • NSAID- central and peripheral- eye pain/inflammation with cataract surgery
  • Inhibit COX1 and 2 to varying degrees, decrease PD synthesis, decrease leukocyte recruitment, increase cartilage destruction, decrease cartilage repair
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
30
Q

Celecoxib

A
  • NSAID- central and peipheral
  • Inhibit COX 2 inhibitor- inhibits PG synthesis
  • BLACK BOX increase serious/ fatal heart/vessel problems, increase serious/fatal stomach ulcers/bleeding esp elderly
  • all types of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhea
  • CI- perioperative pain for CABG
  • AE- serious CV event
31
Q

Botulinum toxin

A
  • Blocks Ach

- Muscle spasticity upper and lower limbs

32
Q

Baclofen

A
  • MOA unk
  • reversible spasticity for MS, spinal injury
  • DO NOT use for CP, PD, Stroke
  • AE- HA, N, drowsiness, dizzy
  • MUST TAPER- sz, hallucination
33
Q

Tizanidine

A
  • Alpha 2 cholinergic agonist- increaes presynaptic inhibition of motor neurons
  • AE LV injury, decrease BP, sedation, CYP1A2 (cipro)
34
Q

Cyclobenzaprine

A
  • MOA unk- use short term
  • Muscle relaxant
  • safest option for PREGNANCY
35
Q

Carisoprodol

A
  • MOA unk- use short term
  • Muscle relaxant
  • derrived from meprobamate (mild tranquilizer) schedule IV controlled substance- potential for abuse
36
Q

Methocarbamol

A
  • MOA unk- use short term
  • Muscle relaxant
  • carbamate of guaifenesin, can be paired with NSAIDS, less addictive
  • AE- turn urine black, blue, green
37
Q

Denosumab

A
  • Monoclonal antibody- binds to NF kappa ligand to inhibit osteoclast activity
  • AE- Derm, increase in cholesterol
  • Pregnancy category X

Pharmacology Exam (12 decks)

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