Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology Exam > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Lisinopril

A
  • ACE inhibitor- sm vasodilation, increase bradykinin
  • HTN
  • Black Box- pregnancy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ramipril

A
  • ACE inhibitor- sm vasodilation, increase bradykinin
  • HTN
  • Black Box- pregnancy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Clonidine

A
  • Alpha 2 agonist- decreases presynaptic NE release, decrease sm contstriction
  • HTN
  • AE- Depression, LE swelling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Doxazosin

A
  • Alpha 1 agonist- decreases NE activity in sm vasculature in prostate and bladder neck
  • HTN, BPH
  • AE- syncope
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Terazosin

A
  • Alpha 1 agonist- decreases NE activity in sm vasculature in prostate and bladder neck
  • HTN, BPH
  • AE- syncope
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Irbesartan

A
  • ARB- less effect on sm vasodilation
  • HTN, nephropathy with DM2
  • AE- hyperkalemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Losartan

A
  • ARB- less effect on sm vasodilation
  • HTN, LVH, nephropathy with DM2
  • Not for those of black heritage
  • AE- hyperkalemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Valsartan

A
  • ARB- less effect on sm vasodilation
  • HTN, CHF
  • AE- hyperkalemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Atenolol

A
  • Selective BB- heart, ki, brain
  • HTN, angina, acute MI
  • MUST TAPER
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Metopolol

A
  • Selective BB- heart, ki, brain
  • HTN, angina, acute MI
  • MUST TAPER
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carvedilol

A
  • Non-selective BB, also alpha 1 blocking
  • HTN, LVH, CHF
  • AE- depression, impotence, nightmares, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia- depletes chromium
  • MUST TAPER
  • CI- asthma, COPD, Raynaud’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Propanolol

A
  • Non-selective BB, also alpha 1 blocking
  • HTN, angina, a-fib, acute MI, migraine, essential tremor
  • AE- depression, impotence, nightmares, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia- depletes chromium
  • MUST TAPER
  • CI- asthma, COPD, Raynaud’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Amlodipine

A
  • Ca Channel blocker- arteriolar dilator,
  • HTN, arrhythmia
  • AE- elderly women get emotional lability, depression, anxiety, depletes Vit K and Vit D
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diltiazem

A
  • Ca Channel blocker, coronary artery dilator

- HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Verapamil

A
  • Ca Channel blocker, coronary artery dilator
  • HTN
  • AE- Depletes Vit E
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hydralazine

A
  • MOA unk
  • HTN
  • AE- Iatrogenic lupus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Epinephrine

A
  • Adronergic agonist- sm muscle contraction/ Beta agonist

- Hypotensive crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nitroglycerin

A
  • Nitrate vasodilator
  • Angina
  • AE- HA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate

A
  • Nitrate vasodilator
  • Angina prophylaxis
  • AE- HA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lidocaine

A
  • Na Channel blocker

- Ventricular arrhythmia, last resort option for any arrhythmia or status epilepticus

21
Q

Flecainide

A
  • Na Channel blocker
  • PVST, paroxysmal A-fib/flutter with diabling sx or lifethreatening V. arrhythmias
  • BLAX BOX- increases mortality
22
Q

Amiodarone

A
  • K Channel blocker
  • Recurrent A-fib, recurrent hemodynamically unstable v-tach
  • AE- potentially fatal pulmonary toxicities, thyroid irregulatities, increase liver enzymes, AV blocks, bradycardia
23
Q

Digoxin

A
  • Cardiac glycoside
  • Arrhythmia, narrow therapeutic window, controls V rate
  • Narrow therapeutic window
24
Q

Potassium Chloride

A
  • Replacement therapy

- Hypokalemia with dig toxicity

25
Q

Furosemide

A
  • Loop diuretic
  • Edema, HTN
  • AE- electrolyte imbalances, OTOTOXICITY
26
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Chronic HTN
  • AE- N/V/D, weakness, dizziness, SECONDARY ANGLE CLOSURE GLAUCOMA
27
Q

Spironolactone

A
  • K sparing diuretic, aldosterone receptor antagonist
  • Edema, CHF, Conn’s, hypokalemia, severe CHF
  • AE- Hyperkalemia, metabolic
28
Q

Triamterene

A
  • K sparing diuretic, blocks Na channels in in collecting ducts
  • HTN in kids, hypokalemia, best used in combo
  • AE- hyperkalemia, metabolic syndromes
29
Q

Colesevelam

A
  • Binds bile acids in GI, increased cholesterol clearance

- CI- Hx of bowel obstruction, TG> 500, hx of TG induced pancreatitis

30
Q

Gemfibrozil

A
  • Fibrate, activates lipoprotein lipase, reduces TG increases HDL
  • Used with high TG and risk of pancreatitis
  • AE- DVT, SOB, PE
  • BLACK BOX- do not use of sole reduction of LDL causes increase in malignancy and multiple organ dysregulations, all cause mortality
31
Q

Atorvastatin

A
  • HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, LDL and TG reduction
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • PREGNANCY category X
32
Q

Simvastatin

A
  • HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, LDL and TG reduction
  • Hyperlipidemia, mortality reduction post MI
  • PREGNANCY category X
33
Q

Ezetimibe

A
  • Blocks cholesterol absorption in the SI
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • CI - active liver disease, pregnancy
34
Q

Vitamin K

A
  • Pro-coagulant
  • Anti-coagulant induced prothrombin deficiency, hemorrhagic dz of the newborn
  • AE - GI issues, low vitamin k
35
Q

Aspirin

A
  • Anti-platelet, COX 1 and COX 2 irreversible inhibitors of platelet aggregation
  • AE - GI irritation/bleeding, Reyes syn with viral infection
36
Q

Clopidogrel

A
  • Anti-coagulant, prevents fibrinogen binding
  • Used in combo with ASA for blood thinning
  • AE - diarrhea, rash
37
Q

Warfarin

A
  • Vitamin K recycling antagonist
  • Thrombosis prevention
  • AE - PT/INR, CYP450 interactions
38
Q

Pentoxifylline

A
  • Xanthine derivative, lowers blood viscosity
  • PAD, intermittent claudication
  • AE - bleeding
39
Q

Heparin

A
  • Factor X inactivator
  • Thrombosis prevention
  • AE - severe decrease in platelet formation
40
Q

Enoxaparin

A
  • Factor X inactivator, low-molecular weight heparin
  • AE - BLACK BOX - spinal and epidural hematomas

No need for PT/INR

41
Q

Rivaroxaban

A
  • Factor Xa inactivator
  • Thrombosis prevention
  • CI - prosthetic valve
42
Q

Dabigatran

A
  • Director thrombin Inhibitor, specific and reversible
  • Thrombosis prevention
  • CI - prosthetic valve
43
Q

DMPS

A
  • Chelator

- Hg, Au, As

44
Q

DMSA

A
  • Chelator

- Pb, Hg, As

45
Q

EDTA

A
  • Chelator

- Hg, Pb, Fe

46
Q

Penicillamine

A
  • Chelator

- Cu

47
Q

Deferoxamine

A
  • Chelator

- Iron poisoning

48
Q

Epoetin alfa

A
  • Synthetic erythropoetin

- AE - with nl hemoglobin: increases risk of stroke, MI, HF and increases tumor progression

Pharmacology Exam (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions