MSK Flashcards
polymyalgia rheumatica vs polymyositis
PR - stiff & pain, raised CPR
P - weakness, raised CK
risk of dermomyositis
cancer
what causes SLE
increased apoptosis -> defective clearance -> immune complex formation -> compliment activation
specific vs sensitive SLE antibodies
anti - DsDNA - specific
ANA - sensitive
antibody in mixed connective tissue disease
anti - RNP
treatment of raunads
Ca blockers
phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitors
which arteries are effected in tayaski vasculitis?
the ones coming off the aortic arch
small vessel vasculitis
ANCA +
no gramulomas
microscopic polyangitis (pANCA)
ANCA -ve small vessel vasculitis’
IgA+ - henoch purpura
serum cryoglobulin+ - cryoglobineamia
treatment of AVN
no collapse = drilling decompression
collapse - joint replacement
what is osteochondritis (+ dissecans)
inflammation of bone and cartilage (bone and cartilage seperate)
osteochondroma vs enchroma
(both benign)
o - boney growth with cartilaginous cap
e - intramedullary metaphyseal cartilage tumour
giant cell tumour
benign
‘soap bubble’
painful
‘shepards crook’
fibrous dysplasia in femour
osteosarcoma vs chondrosarcoma
(both malignant)
o - worse @ night, kids, knee
c - older, pelvis
‘onion skin’ bone tumour
ewings - malignant
investigation into multiple myeloma
bone protein assay
osteoid osteoma
immature bone surrounded by slclerotic halo
releases prostiglandins
treat with NSAIDs
specific RA antibody
anti CCP
DAS score meaning (RA)
<2.6 remission
>5.1 severe
treatment of bursitis
ABs dont work
excise
Ca and phsophate levels in
osteoporosis
osteomalacia
pagets
osteoporosis - normal
osteomalacia - low Ca & phosphate
pagets - normal (high ALP)
which nerves are damaged in erbs vs klumpke
erb - C5 6
klumpke C8 T1
which virus causes pagets disease
paramyoxovirus
treatment of talpes equinovarus (club foot)
ponseti technique
achilles tenotomy
what causes osgood-schlatters disease
inflamatiion of growing tubercle where tendon attachs
treatment of enteropathic arthritis
no NSAIDs - treat IBD
knee extension reflex
L3 4
ankle reflex
S1 2
symptoms of cervical disk prolapse
UMN symptoms
role of rotator cuff muslces
supraspinatous - abduction (start)
infraspinatous - external rotation
teres minor - external rotation
subscapularis - internal rotation
loss of external rotation in shoulder
frozen shoulder
painful arc (shoulder)
impingement
cruciate ligament injuries
ACL - twist and pop
PCL - dashboard, hyperextension
MCL - valgus stress (skiing)
LCL - varus stress (rare)
symptoms of meniscal tear
twist on loaded knee
pain on joint line
spinal shock
loss of sensation, motor and reflexes below level of injury for roughly 24hours
treat with fluid
Syringomyelia
loss of temp, coarse touch & motor
keeps light touch & proprioception
which direction are most elbow dislocations?
posterior
hill-sachs dislocation
posterior humeral head impacts anterior glenoid
pilon fracture
distal tibial frature
intra-articular
‘sagging rope sign’
AVN
normal leg shape as growing
genu varum <2
genu valgum until 3
which chromosome is the HLA gene on?
6
how long for DMARDs to work
6 weeks
how long for allopurinol to work
2 weeks
SLE flare bloods
decreased compliment
CRP iss normal
what should be prescribed along withmethotrexate
folic acid
treatment of AVN
decompressive sugery
investigation into mortons neuroma
(foot click) - US
takayasus arteritis symptoms
systemic - headaches, tiredness
differnt BP in arms
aortic regurg
claudication on exertion
investigation into takaysus arteritis
magnetic resonance angiography or CT angiography
antiphospholipid syndrome treatment
prophylaxis - aspirin
1 event - warfarin (pregnant = LMWH)
behcets
oral ulcers + genital ulcers + anteroir uveitis
