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year 4 blocks > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

polymyalgia rheumatica vs polymyositis

A

PR - stiff & pain, raised CPR
P - weakness, raised CK

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2
Q

risk of dermomyositis

A

cancer

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3
Q

what causes SLE

A

increased apoptosis -> defective clearance -> immune complex formation -> compliment activation

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4
Q

specific vs sensitive SLE antibodies

A

anti - DsDNA - specific
ANA - sensitive

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5
Q

antibody in mixed connective tissue disease

A

anti - RNP

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6
Q

treatment of raunads

A

Ca blockers
phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitors

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7
Q

which arteries are effected in tayaski vasculitis?

A

the ones coming off the aortic arch

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8
Q

small vessel vasculitis
ANCA +
no gramulomas

A

microscopic polyangitis (pANCA)

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9
Q

ANCA - small vessel vasculitis’

A

IgA + - henoch purpura
serum cryoglobulin + - cryoglobineamia

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10
Q

treatment of AVN

A

no collapse = drilling decompression
collapse - joint replacement

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11
Q

what is osteochondritis (+ dissecans)

A

inflammation of bone and cartilage (bone and cartilage seperate)

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12
Q

osteochondroma vs enchroma

A

(both benign)
o - boney growth with cartilaginous cap
e - intramedullary metaphyseal cartilage tumour

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13
Q

giant cell tumour

A

benign
‘soap bubble’
painful

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13
Q

‘shepards crook’

A

fibrous dysplasia in femour

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14
Q

osteosarcoma vs chondrosarcoma

A

(both malignant)
o - worse @ night, kids, knee
c - older, pelvis

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15
Q

‘onion skin’ bone tumour

A

ewings - malignant

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16
Q

investigation into multiple myeloma

A

bone protein assay

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17
Q

osteoid osteoma

A

immature bone surrounded by slclerotic halo
releases prostiglandins

treat with NSAIDs

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18
Q

specific RA antibody

A

anti CCP

19
Q

DAS score meaning (RA)

A

<2.6 remission
>5.1 severe

20
Q

treatment of bursitis

A

ABs dont work
excise

21
Q

Ca and phsophate levels in
osteoporosis
osteomalacia
pagets

A

osteoporosis - normal
osteomalacia - low Ca & phosphate
pagets - normal (high ALP)

22
Q

which nerves are damaged in erbs vs klumpke

A

erb - C5 6
klumpke C8 T1

23
Q

which virus causes pagets disease

A

paramyoxovirus

24
Q

treatment of talpes equinovarus (club foot)

A

ponseti technique
achilles tenotomy

25
Q

what causes osgood-schlatters disease

A

inflamatiion of growing tubercle where tendon attachs

26
Q

treatment of enteropathic arthritis

A

no NSAIDs - treat IBD

27
Q

knee extension reflex

A

L3 4

28
Q

ankle reflex

A

S1 2

29
Q

symptoms of cervical disk prolapse

A

UMN symptoms

30
Q

role of rotator cuff muslces

A

supraspinatous - abduction (start)
infraspinatous - external rotation
teres minor - external rotation
subscapularis - internal rotation

31
Q

loss of external rotation in shoulder

A

frozen shoulder

32
Q

painful arc (shoulder)

A

impingement

33
Q

cruciate ligament injuries

A

ACL - twist and pop
PCL - dashboard, hyperextension
MCL - valgus stress (skiing)
LCL - varus stress (rare)

34
Q

symptoms of meniscal tear

A

twist on loaded knee
pain on joint line

35
Q

spinal shock

A

loss of sensation, motor and reflexes below level of injury for roughly 24hours
treat with fluid

36
Q

Syringomyelia

A

loss of temp, coarse touch & motor
keeps light touch & proprioception

37
Q

which direction are most elbow dislocations?

A

posterior

38
Q

hill-sachs dislocation

A

posterior humeral head impacts anterior glenoid

39
Q

pilon fracture

A

distal tibial frature
intra-articular

40
Q

‘sagging rope sign’

A

AVN

41
Q

normal leg shape as growing

A

genu varum <2
genu valgum until 3

42
Q

which chromosome is the HLA gene on?

A

6

43
Q

how long for DMARDs to work

A

6 weeks

44
Q

how long for allopurinol to work

A

2 weeks

45
Q

SLE flare bloods

A

decreased compliment

CRP iss normal

46
Q

what should be prescribed along withmethotrexate

A

folic acid

year 4 blocks (19 decks)

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