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year 4 blocks > heam > Flashcards

heam Flashcards

1
Q

hypersegmented neutrophils

A

megaloblastic anaemia

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2
Q

treatment of thalassaemias

A

lifelong transfusions

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3
Q

which bleeding disorders effect which clotting factors?

A

Heamophilia A - VIII
“ B - IX
von willibran - VII
vit K deficiency - II, VII, IX, X

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4
Q

aPTT vs PT

A

aPTT - intrinsic clotting
PT - extrinsic

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5
Q

tear drop poikilocytes

A

myelofibrosis

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6
Q

smudge cells

A

chronic lymphoblastic leukaemia

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7
Q

richets transformation

A

CLL -> diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

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8
Q

auer rods

A

acute myeloid leukaemia

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9
Q

phildelphia chromosome

A

chronic myeloid leukeumia

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10
Q

leukaemia in kids

A

acute lymphoblastic

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11
Q

howell jolly bodies

A

hyposplenism (normally nuclear remnants removed by spleen)

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12
Q

ring sideroblasts

A

myelodysplastic syndrome

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13
Q

bronze skin

A

hereditary haemochromatosis??

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14
Q

FBC thalassaemia

A

normal except decreased TIBC

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15
Q

FBC anaemia of chronic disease

A

everything decreased except serum ferritin

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16
Q

symptoms of lead poisoning

A

decreased transferrin
neurological symptoms

17
Q

treatment of hyposplenism caused by sickle

A

proph penicillin

18
Q

treatment of sideroblastic anaemia

A

pyridoxine

19
Q

cause of G6PD deficiency

A

reduced NADPH -> oxidative stress -> increased gluthathione

20
Q

pathology of ITP

A

antibodies against platelets

21
Q

mechanism of clopi

A

ADP antagonist

22
Q

complications of polycythemia vera

A

AML
myelofibrosis

23
Q

flava beans -> sick

A

G6PD deficiency

24
Q

what is factor V leidens mutation

A

activated protein C resistance

25
Q

investigation into multiple myeloma

A

whole body MRI

26
Q

INR calculation

A

(patients PTT/ normal PTT)ISI

27
Q

treatment of CML

A

imatinib

28
Q

investigation into myeloma

A

whole body MRI

29
Q

what does CLL transform into

A

non-hodgkins

30
Q

treatment of ITP

A

oral steroids

31
Q

investigation into sickle

A

heamoglobin electrophoresis

32
Q

rate of RBC transfusion

A

not urgent - 2hrs

urgent - STAT

33
Q

how long before surgery should you stop warfarin?

A

5 days

34
Q

tumour lysis syndrome

A

increased K, phosphate & reduced Ca

treat with allopurinol & IV fluids

35
Q

treatment of hypercalceamia

A

saline

year 4 blocks (19 decks)

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