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year 4 blocks > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

ascites SAAG >11g

A

liver problem

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2
Q

triple therapy for H pyloris

A

PPT + amox + metronidazole/ clarithromycin

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3
Q

signet rings

A

gastric cancer

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4
Q

histology of coeliac disease

A

villous atrophy
crypt hyperplasia

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4
Q

raised faecal calprotectin

A

IBD

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4
Q

rosvigs sign

A

appendicitis
pressing on left causes pain on right

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5
Q

antimitochondrial antibodies

A

primary biliary cholangitis

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6
Q

GI symptoms + erythema nodosum

A

UC or crohns

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7
Q

treatment of hepatic encephalopathy

A

lactulose (gets rid of ammonia)

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8
Q

c diff treatment

A

1st - oral vancomycin
2nd - fidaxomicin
recurrent - feacal transplant

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9
Q

chronic alcoholism FBC

A

raised MCV

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10
Q

measure of severity of pancreatitis

A

calcium (lower = worse)

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11
Q

anti smooth muscle antibodies

A

autoimmune hepatitis

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12
Q

acid schiff macrophages on jejunal biopsy

A

whipples disease

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13
Q

what prevents recurrence of hepatic encephalopathy

A

rifaximin

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14
Q

bacteria that causes spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

A

E coli
kleb

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15
Q

treatment of anal fissures

A

<1 week = soften stool - bulk forming laxative & high fibre
chronic = topical GTN

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16
Q

how long do PPIs have to be stopped before endoscopy

A

2 weeks

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17
Q

most common cause of large vs small bowel obstruction

A

large - cancer
small - adhesions

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18
Q

nail change in coeliac

A

koilonychia (spoon nails)

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19
Q

deifciency in coeliac

A

B12
iron
folate

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20
Q

association with crohns

A

gallstones

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21
Q

cause of hepatic encephalopathy

A

increased ammonia and glutaminine

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22
Q

treatment of hepatic encephalopathy

A

laculose
prophylaxis - rifaxmin

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23
Q

increased lactate and abdo pain

A

mesenteric ischeamia

24
Q

most common site of crohns

25
Q

antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis

A

anti nuclear
smooth muscle

26
Q

bacteria that causes bacterial peritonitis

27
Q

low ceruloplasmin

28
Q

liver problem women on the pill may have

A

acute liver failure

29
Q

antibodies in PBC

A

anti mictochondrial

30
Q

investigation into hepatocellular cancer

A

alpha-fetaprotein

31
Q

Hep A

32
Q

upper vs lower GI bleed

A

upper - high urea

33
Q

TIPS

A

connects hepatic vein to portal vein

treats portal hyeprtension

34
Q

GORD & esophageal cancers

A

GORD - adenocarcinoma

no - squamous

35
Q

increased ALP but everything else normal

A

bone cancer or mets

36
Q

treatment of campylobacter vs salmonella

A

campylobacter - clarithromycin

salmonella - cipro

37
Q

treatment of metastatic liver cancer

38
Q

hernia in scrotum

39
Q

investigation into bowel perforation

40
Q

how to calculate anion gap

A

(Na + K) - (bicarbonate + chloride)

41
Q

which bacterial causes central line infections

A

staph epidermis

42
Q

scromboid

A

histamine-y reaction to fish (+ diarrhoea)

43
Q

nutrition in short bowel

44
Q

pseudomembranous formation

A

plaques on colon in c. diff

45
Q

cytomegalovirus

A

mouth ulceration + fever

POST TRANSPLANTATION

46
Q

reflux treatment steps

A

1 - antacids
2 - PPIs for a month
3 - H. pyloris testing

47
Q

carcinoid syndrome

A

mets to liver
flushing and diarrhoea
Ix - 5-HIAA
Mx - octreotide

48
Q

mesenteric adenitits

A

inflamed mesenteric lymph nodes

49
Q

treatment of SBP

A

co-trimoxazole

50
Q

sepsis treatment / peritonitis treatment

A

amox + gent + metro

51
Q

potential outcome of diptheria

A

heart block

52
Q

area most commonly affected in ischeamic colitis

A

splenic flexure

53
Q

what is given before endoscopy

A

terilipressin + antibiotics

54
Q

gastroenteritis for a long time

A

probably giardia

55
Q

complication of acute pancreatitis

56
Q

treatment of metastiatic hepatocelullar cancer

57
Q

what happens in achalasia

A

degenerative loss of ganglia from the myenteric plexus

58
Q

ileostomy vs colonoscopy

A

I - RIF, spouted, liquid

C - left side, flushed, solid

59
Q

loop ileostomy vs end ileostomy

A

loop can be reversed easier

year 4 blocks (18 decks)

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