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COMP EXAM > MSK 1 > Flashcards

MSK 1 Flashcards

1
Q

greenstick fracture

A

only one side of the bone is broken, more common in long bones of children

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2
Q

referral pattern for liver and lung

A

neck/shoulder

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3
Q

boxer’s fracture

A

5th MC

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4
Q

Maitland grades of mobilization

A

1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is thrust

basketball court

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5
Q

anterior interosseous syndrome

A

median n.
motor only
pinch grip test

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6
Q

nerve injury levels

A
  • neuropraxia
  • axonotmesis
  • neurotomesis: full neuron and sheath
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7
Q

biceps femoris reflex level

A

S1

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8
Q

boyes test

A

for central tendon rupture
+ inability to flex DIP
boutonnière deformity

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9
Q

cervical spinal manip screen

A
  • signs of UMN lesion
  • vertebral artery/ligament instability testing
  • bilateral radicular symptoms
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10
Q

MMT grading

A 
0= no contraction
1= trace
2- = initiates movement gravity eliminated
2= full ROM in gravity eliminated
3= full ROM against gravity
3+ = minimal resistance
4= moderate resistance
5= max resistance
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11
Q

myositis ossificans

A

atypical bone formation in elbow or thigh

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12
Q

spaces where TOS can happen

A
  • interscalene triangle
  • costoclavicular space
  • subpectoralis minor space
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13
Q

what phase are patients in with dynamic splints for tendon repair?

A

repair phase

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14
Q

biceps brachii reflex level

A

C5

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15
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue due to loss of vascularity

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16
Q

beighten scale parts and score

A
  • pinky (2)
  • thumb (2)
  • elbow (2)
  • knee (2)
  • hamstring (1)

4/9 is hyper mobility syndrome

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17
Q

spiral groove syndrome

A

radial n.
wrist drop
radial n. sensory deficits

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18
Q

symptoms of carpal tunnel

A

weakness and atrophy of thenar mm., sensory changes/pain, positive phalen’s and reverse phalen’s, tinel’s and direct compression

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19
Q

ulnar collateral testing

A

moving valgus stress test
valgus stress test
milking maneuver
stand up test (posterior band)

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20
Q

game keepers thumb

A

sprain of UCL at MCP

valgus stress test

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21
Q

secondary bone healing

A

4 stages of healing

  1. hematoma formation (inflammation stage)
  2. soft callus formation (proliferative stage, 3-4 week formation)
  3. hard callus formation (maturing or modeling phase, 2-3 months) CLINICAL UNION
  4. bone remodeling (woven into stronger bone)
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22
Q

secondary OA

A

specific cause (injury, obesity, genetics)

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23
Q

claw finger

A

intrinsic mm. wasting, either ulnar or median n., occurs when asked to extend fingers

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24
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome

A

general fatigue more than 6 months, reduction in activity ability, unrefreshing sleep AND cognitive impairment OR orthostatic hypotensin

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25
Q

pain location for dequervain’s syndrome

A

radial styloid process

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26
Q

C-spine manip rules

A
  • symptoms less than 38 days
  • think it will help
  • rotation difference 10 degrees or greater
  • pain with spring testing
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27
Q

arthrodesis

A

fusion

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28
Q

DVT probability: wells criteria

A

+1 for…

  • active cancer
  • paralysis/paresis/immobilization
  • bedridden recently
  • localized tenderness along deep vein
  • calf swelling 3cm
  • pitting edema in painful leg
  • collateral superficial veins
  • previous DVT

-2 for alternative diagnosis

2 or more DVT likely

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29
Q

which is worse proximal, middle, or distal scaphoid fracture?

A

proximal takes longest to heal 12-23 weeks

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30
Q

special tests for lateral epicondylalgia

A

pain-free grip
Cozen’s test
Mill’s test
resistance of 3rd digit (maudsley’s)

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31
Q

brachioradialis reflex level

A

C6

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32
Q

distal bicipital tendon rupture signs

A

swelling and bruising
tenderness over radial tubercle
pain with elbow flexion or supination
Popeye deformity

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33
Q

what muscles does the median n. innervate past the wrist

A

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
lumbricals 1 and 2

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34
Q

TFCC tests

A

piano key test on ulna

supination lift test

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35
Q

body weight at water levels…

A 
C7 = 10%
zyphoid = 30%
ASIS = 50%
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36
Q

grading scale for joint play

A 
0 = no movement
1 = decrease in motion
2 = slight decrease
3 = normal
4 = slight increase
5 = increase in motion
6 = complete instability
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37
Q

lumbar spinal manip screen

A
  • unexplained weight loss
  • severe unremitting pain
  • b/b dysfunction
  • bilateral radicular symptoms
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38
Q

wartenberg syndrome

A

superficial radial n. entrapment…
pain/paresthesia over radial dorsal wrist, grip aggravates
differential: dequervain’s

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39
Q

compound fracture

A

breaks through skin

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40
Q

triceps reflex level

A

C7

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41
Q

adhesive capsulitis stages

A

1: painful/pre-adhesive
2: freezing/adhesive
3: frozen/fibrotic
4: thawing stage

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42
Q

ape hand

A

thenar eminence wasting, median n. palsy

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43
Q

signs of TSA prosthetic loosening

A
  • increased pain
  • instability
  • decreased ROM
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44
Q

insufficiency stress fracture

A

normal activity on poor bone quality

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45
Q

sweater finger

A

extended DIP, flexor profundus rupture

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46
Q

bunnel-littler test

A

test for capsule vs. intrinsic m. tightness

if PIP restricted w/ both then capsular tightness

if PIP only restricted with MCP ext., team intrinsic mm.

47
Q

integumentary screening questions

A
  • unusual or new moles
  • fever or night sweats
  • swelling or redness in any joint
  • pregnancy
48
Q

dx of knee OA

A

knee pain + radiograph charges + one of …

  • older than 50
  • morning stiffness
  • crepitus
49
Q

dx of hip OA

A

older than 50
morning stiffness
15 degree difference in IR and flexion

50
Q

colles fracture

A

distal radius

51
Q

AC separation types

A

1: sprain of AC
2: ruptured AC, sprain of coracoclavicular
3: both sets ruptured
4: clavicle posterior
5: clavicle superior
6: clavicle inferior

52
Q

indications for wrist arthroplasty

A

severe pain, instability, deformity

53
Q

cyriax pain and inflammation with passive range

A

pain before resistance –> acute inflammation
pain with resistance –> subacute inflammation
resistance prior to pain (overpressure) –> mild or chronic inflammation

54
Q

wartenburg’s syndrome

A

superficial radial n.
sensory only/pain
mimics de quervian syndrome (pain with thumb flex and ulnar deviation)

55
Q

BMD score osteoporosis

A

T score -2.5 or lower

FRAX score

56
Q

cancellous bone

A

ribs, pelvis, vertabrae

-heal faster

57
Q

psychological screening questions

A
  • changes in mentation
  • LOC
  • attention
  • orientation
  • judgement
58
Q

semitendinosus reflex level

A

S2

59
Q

primary bone healing

A

approximation of bone fragments from surgery

60
Q

radiographic healing

A
  • callus size
  • cortical continuity
  • progressive loss of fracture line on x-ray
61
Q

osteomyelitis

A

bone infection

62
Q

kaltenborn’s grades of mobilization

A

1: loosening, unweighting
2: tightening, taking up slack
3: stretching capsule

63
Q

cardiovascular screening questions

A
  • SOB
  • dizziness
  • heaviness in chest
  • pulsating pain
  • constant pain in lower leg
  • discolored or painful feet
  • swelling with MOI
64
Q

carpel tunnel stages

A
  • preclinical: symptoms only with prolonged activity
  • mild: night N&T
  • moderate: constant N&T, pain at night
  • severe: constant, atrophy
65
Q

zigzag deformity

A

flexion of CMC, hyperextension of MCP

66
Q

tests for medial epicondylalgia

A

resisted elbow flexion
passive wrist extension
valgus stress test

67
Q

allen test

A

circulatory testing
open and close hand
occlude radial and ulnar a.
let one go compare bth

68
Q

cyriax lesion type

A
  • painful and strong= minor lesion
  • painful and weak= major lesion
  • painless and weak= total rupture or neurologic lesion
  • painless and strong= normal
69
Q

pronator syndrome

A

median n.
sensory only
tests: resist pronation, extend elbow

70
Q

mill’s test

A

passive wrist flexion stretch

+ for lateral epicondylalgia

71
Q

extrinsic primary RTC tendinopathy

A

mechanical compression of tissue and can result from loss of stability of shoulder

72
Q

clinical healing

A
  • absence of pain at site
  • no pain on weight bearing
  • return to normal limb function
73
Q

tests for ulnar n. dysfunction in the hand

A

formet’s sign (IP flexion while holding paper)
Jeanne’s sign ( MCP extension in pinch grip)
wartenburg’s sign (unable to adduct 5th digit)

74
Q

synovitis

A

wrist, hand, fingers, tendon f the digits

75
Q

extrinsic internal RTC tendinopathy

A

compression of supraspinatus between glenoid and humerus, usually in throwers
-20 degrees GIRD is risk factor

76
Q

GI/GU screening questions

A
  • frequent or severe abdominal pain
  • frequent heartburn or indigestion
  • nausea or vomiting
  • change in B/B
  • unusual menstrual irregularities
77
Q

smith’s fracture

A

distal segment displaced anteriorly

78
Q

osteotomy

A

realigns joint surfaces

79
Q

simple fracture

A

not breaking through skin

80
Q

primary OA

A

wear and tear with time

81
Q

what is important to remember about total elbow arthroplasty

A

protect tricep since it gets cut (10-12 weeks before isolated tricep work)

82
Q

referral pattern for gallbladder and stomach

A

thoracic/rib

83
Q

saltar harris fracture

A

fracture involving growth plate

84
Q

radial tunnel syndrome

A

posterior interosseous n. –> radial n.

mimics lateral epicondylitis

85
Q

olecranon bursitis signs

A

pain with end range flexion

student’s elbow

86
Q

contraindications of massage

A
  • acute inflammatory disease
  • infection of skin
  • open wounds
  • acute thrombophlebitis
  • localized malignancy
  • congestive heart failure
87
Q

supracondylar process syndrome

A

ligament of strutters compression

very rare

88
Q

referral pattern for heart

A

men: L shoulder, throat, jaw, neck
women: R shoulder and R arm

89
Q

Guyon tunnel compression

A

ulnar n.
sensory to hand
wartenberg’s SIGN
often from longterm crutch use

90
Q

what zone is bad for flexor tendon lacerations

A

zone 2

there are 5 for fingers and 3 for thumb

91
Q

cubital tunnel syndrome

A 
ulnar n.
positive tinel's
wartenberg's sign
elbow flexion test (provocation and weakness)
throwers
92
Q

what is intrinsic RTC tendinopathy?

A

age-related degeneration

  • very rare to have purely intrinsic, likely partly something else
  • articular side
93
Q

bishops hand

A

occurs when asked to make a fist
median nerve palsy
can’t close the fingers 1-3

94
Q

lateral collateral testing

A

varus stress test

95
Q

cozen’s test

A

resisted wrist extension

+ for lateral epicondylalgia

96
Q

referral pattern for kidney and appendix

A

low back/flank

97
Q

common avascular necrosis sites

A

proximal femur and humerus, and scaphoid neck

98
Q

algometry

A

reliable pain measurement

99
Q

colles fracture

A

distal segment displaced dorsally, more common

100
Q

supinator syndrome

A

posterior interosseous n. –> radial n.
thumb and finger ext. weakness
motor only

101
Q

types of wrist instability

A

volar/dorsal intercalated segmental instability (VISI/DISI)

TFCC

102
Q

patellar reflex level

A

L4

103
Q

achilles reflex level

A

S1

104
Q

Outerbridge classification for OA

A 
0=normal cartilage
1=cartilage with softening and swelling
2=fragmentation of 1/2 in or smaller
3=fragmentation more than 1/2 in
4=erosion of cartilage down to bone
105
Q

remodeling stage of healing

A

4-8 weeks, no inflammation

106
Q

proliferation/repair stage of healing

A

5-28 days

active scar formation from fibroblasts laying down collagen

107
Q

extension test for elbow fracture

A

if they can get full extension its really unlikely that they have an elbow fracture

108
Q

deep tendon reflex testing grading

A 
0= absent
1= diminished
2= normal
3= exaggerated
4= clonus
109
Q

fibromyalgia syndrome

A

chronic widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and multiple tender points

110
Q

oncologic screening questions

A
  • persistant night pain
  • constant pain anywhere
  • unexplained weight loss
  • loss of appetite
  • unusual lumps or bumps
111
Q

joint mob contraindications/precautions

A

C:unstable/hypermobile joints (spondylolithesis)
P: joint effusion, inflammation, pregnancy, generalized hyper mobility, osteoporosis

112
Q

neurologic screening question

A
  • changes in hearing
  • severe headaches
  • swallowing or speech difficulties
  • changes in vision
  • balance or coordination probs
  • fainting spells
  • sudden weakness
  • onset of saddle paresthesia
113
Q

bennett’s fracture

A

base of 1st MC

COMP EXAM (18 decks)

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