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COMP EXAM > Anatomy Division 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Division 2 Flashcards

1
Q

trapezius m.

A

O: external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, SP C7-T12
I: lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
A: elevates, retracts, depresses scapula
I: spinal accessory n. CN XI

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2
Q

latissimus dorsi m.

A

O: spinous process of T6-12
I: intertubercular groove of humerus
A: extends, adducts, IR shoulder
I: thoracodorsal n.

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3
Q

levator scapulae m.

A

O: transverse processes C1-C4
I: superior medial border of scapula
A: elevates scapula
I: dorsal scapular n.

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4
Q

rhomboid minor and major m.

A

O: SP C7-T1 (minor), T2-5 (major)
I: medial border of scapula
A: retracts and inferior rotation scapula
I: dorsal scapular nerve

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5
Q

scapulohumeral muscles

A 
deltoid
supraspinatus
infaspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis (SITS)
teres major
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6
Q

deltoid m.

A

O: lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: strong abductor together, flexor and extender
I: axillary n.

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7
Q

supraspinatus m.

A

O: supraspinous fossa
I: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
A: initiates and assists ABD of arm
I: suprascapular n.

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8
Q

infraspinatus m.

A

O: infraspinous fossa
I: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
A: ER of shoulder
I: suprascapular n.

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9
Q

teres minor m.

A

O: lateral border of scapula
I: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
A: ER of shoulder
I: axillary n.

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10
Q

subscapularis m.

A

O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: IR and ADD shoulder
I: upper and lower subscapular n.

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11
Q

theres major m.

A

O: inferior angle of scapula
I: inter tubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
A: IR, ADD, ext of shoulder
I: lower subscapular n.

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12
Q

triceps brachii m.

A

O:
-long head: infraglenoid tubercle
-short head: posterior humeral shaft (above radial groove)
-medial head: posterior humeral shaft (below radial groove)
I: olecranon of ulna
A: elbow ext, (long = ext/add of shoulder)
I: radial n.

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13
Q

anconeus m.

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: olecranon
A: assists triceps
I: radial n.

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14
Q

quadrangular space borders and transmits

A

borders: teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps, humerus
transmits: axillary n. and posterior circumflex humeral artery

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15
Q

triangular space borders and window

A

borders: teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps
window: circumflex scapular artery

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16
Q

triangular interval borders and window

A

borders: teres major, humerus, long head of triceps
window: radial n., profunda brachii a. (deep artery of arm)

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17
Q

what drains into axillary vein

A
  • cephalic vein drains into axillary at the shoulder
  • basilic vein becomes axillary v. at lateral border of teres major
  • these are connected at the elbow by the median cubital vein
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18
Q

deltopectoral triangle contents

A

cephalic vein, thoracoacromial a., lateral pectoral n.

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19
Q

pectoralis major m.

A

O: medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
I: bicipital groove
A: shoulder flexion, adduction, IR
I: lateral and medial pectoral n.

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20
Q

pectoralis minor m.

A

O: ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula
A: protracts and depresses scapula
I: medial pectoral n.

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21
Q

subclavius m.

A

O: 1st rib
I: inferior clavicle
A: depresses clavicle
I: subclavian n.

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22
Q

serrates anterior m.

A

O: lateral aspect of ribs 1-8
I: medial border of anterior scapula
A: protracts scapula, holds scapula against thorax
I: long thoracic n.

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23
Q

scapulohumeral rhythm

A

2 degrees GH = 1 degree ST

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24
Q

costoclavicular ligament prevents

A

limits elevation of medial clavicle

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25
Q

acromioclavicular ligament does…

A

strengthens AC joint superiorly

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26
Q

coracoclavicular ligaments does…

A

anchors clavicle
conoid part: posteromedial
trapezoid part: anterolateral

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27
Q

glenohumeral ligaments strengthens and parts

A

strengthen anterior aspect

superior/middle/inferior

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28
Q

coracohumeral ligament strengthens…

A

superior joint capsule

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29
Q

transverse humeral ligament purpose

A

holds long head of biceps in place

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30
Q

coracoacromial ligament

A

strong superior support

separate from joint capsule

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31
Q

injury to long thoracic n. causes…

A

winged scapula

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32
Q

what is a shoulder separation?

A

AC dislocation

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33
Q

most common humeral dislocations

A

anterior and then inferior

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34
Q

axillar pyramind borders

A

anterior wall: pectoral mm.
medial wall: serratus anterior
posterior wall: subscapularis mostly
lateral wall: humerus

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35
Q

axillary pyramid contents (4)

A
  • axillary a.
  • axillary v.
  • brachial plexus
  • lymphatics
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36
Q

subclavian a. –>

A

axillary a. after 1st rib

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37
Q

axillary a. –>

A

brachial a. after teres major m.

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38
Q

1st part of axillary a. borders and branch

A

lateral border of first rib - medial border of pec minor

branch: superior thoracic artery

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39
Q

2nd part of axillary a.

2 branches

A

posterior to pec minor

thoracoacromial a.
-akron city police department (acromial, clavicular, pectoral, deltoid)

lateral thoracic a.

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40
Q

3rd part of axillary a.

3 branches

A 
lateral border of pec minor to inferior border of teres major m.
branches:
-subscapular a. (first and BIG)
-anterior circumflex humeral a. (second)
-posterior circumflex humeral a. (third)
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41
Q

anterior compartment of the arm

- 3 muscles, n. and a.

A

muscles: biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
I: musculocutaneous n.
blood supply: brachial a.

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42
Q

biceps brachii m.

A 
O: 
-short: coracoid process
-long: supraglenoid tubercle
I: radial tuberosity
A: flexes and supinates forearm, assists shoulder flexion
I: musculocutaneous n.
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43
Q

coracobrachialis m.

A

O: coracoid process
I: medial humerus
A: flexes and adducts shoulder
I: musculocutaneous n.

44
Q

brachialis m.

A

O: anterior humerus
I: tuberosity of ulna
A: powerful elbow flexor
I: musculocutaneous n.

45
Q

brachial a. –>

A
  • gives off deep artery of the arm

- branches in cubital fossa (radial a. and ulnar a.)

46
Q

cubital fossa borders

A

superior: epicondyles
medial: pronator teres
lateral: brachioradialis
floor: brachialis
roof: bicipital aponeurosis

47
Q

cubital fossa contents

A

TAN (lateral to medial)

  • biceps brachii tendon
  • brachial a.
  • median n.

radial n. lateral

48
Q

brachial plexus levels

A

C5-T1

49
Q

brachial plexus hierarchy

A 
roots
trunks
divisions
cords
branches
50
Q

anterior forearm compartment actions and innervation

A

A: flexors and pronators
I: median and ulnar nn.

51
Q

posterior forearm compartment actions and innervation

A

A: extensors and supinators
I: radial n.

52
Q

how many flexors of the forearm? how many layers?

A

8 muscles in 3 layers

53
Q

which elbow flexors in the forearm compartment doesn’t cross the wrist?

A

pronator teres

54
Q

how many mm. innervated by the ulnar n. in the forearm?

A

1 and a half

55
Q

superficial layer of the flexors of the forearm (4)

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris (ULNAR N.)

56
Q

pronator teres m.

A

O: coronoid process and medial epicondyle
I: anterior proximal radius
A: pronates and flexes elbow
I: median n.

57
Q

flexor carpi radialis m. (FCR)

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
A: flexes and radial deviation
I: median n.

58
Q

palmaris longus m.

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: palmar aponeurosis
A: flexes wrist
I: median n.

59
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris m. (FCU)

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: pisiform and base of 5th met
A: flexes and ulnar deviation
I: ULNAR n.

60
Q

intermediate layer of anterior forearm flexors (1)

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

61
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis m. (FDS)

A

O: humerus, ulna, radius
I: middle phalanges of 2-5
A: flexes PIP, MTP of 2-5 and wrist
I: median n.

62
Q

deep layer of anterior forearm flexors (3)

A

flexor digitorum profundus
flexor polices longus
pronator quadratus

63
Q

flexor digitorum profundus m. (FDP)

A

medial part:

  • O: ulna
  • I: base of distal phalanges 4-5
  • I: ULNAR n.

lateral part:

  • O: ulna
  • I: base of distal 2-3 digits
  • I: anterior interosseous (median n.)

A: assist with PIP, MCP, and weist

64
Q

flexor polices longus m. (FPL)

A

O: anterior radius
I: distal phalanx of 1st digit
A: flexes thumb at IP joint, assists with MCP and wrist flexion
I: anterior interosseous (median n.)

65
Q

pronator quadratus m.

A

O: distal ulna
I: radius
A: pronates forearm
I: anterior interosseous (median n.)

66
Q

median n. pathway beyond elbow

A
  • passes between 2 heads of pronator teres
  • gives off anterior interosseous n.
  • sits between FDS and FDP
  • gives off palmar cutaneous branch proximal to flexor retinaculum
67
Q

ulnar n. pathway beyond elbow

A
  • passes between 2 heads of flexor carpi ulnaris m.
  • sits between flexor carpi ulnaris and FDP
  • gives off dorsal cutaneous branch in distal forearm
68
Q

arteries of the flexors

A

brachial a. –> ulnar a. –> common interosseous –> anterior and posterior interosseous(–> recurrent interosseous)

brachial –> radial a.

69
Q

elbow anastomosis (4 sets)

A 
set 1:
-superior ulnar collateral
-posterior ulnar recurrent
set 2:
-inferior ulnar collateral
-anterior ulnar recurrent
set 3:
-middle collateral
-recurrent interosseous
set 4:
-radial collateral
-radial recurrent
70
Q

radial artery runs deep to which muscle in the forearm?

A

brachioradialis

71
Q

what goes through the carpal tunnel?

A

FDS, FDP, FPL and median n.

72
Q

how many forearm extensors are there?

A

12

all innervated by branches of the radial n.

73
Q

brachioradialis m.

A

O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: near styloid process of radius
A: elbow flexion (neutral)
I: radial n.

74
Q

superficial forearm extensors (5)

A
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor digiti minimi
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
75
Q

deep forearm extensors (5)

A
  • supinator
  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor polices longus
  • extensor indices
76
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus m.

A

O: lateral supracondylar ridge
I: base of 2nd met
A: extends and radially deviate wrist
I: radial n.

77
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis m.

A

O: lateral epicondyle
I: base of 3rd met
A: extends and radially deviate wrist
I: deep branch of radial n.

78
Q

extensor digitorum m.

A

O: lateral epicondyle
I: middle and distal phalanx of digits 2-5
A: extends MCP and IP joints of 2-5
I: posterior interosseous n.

79
Q

extensor digiti minimi m.

A

O: lateral epicondyle
I: extensor expansion of 5th digit
A: extends MCP and IP joints of 5th
I: posterior interosseous m.

80
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris m.

A

O: lateral epicondyle
I: base of 5th met
A: extends and ulnar deviation
I: posterior interosseous

81
Q

abductor pollicis longus m. (APL)

A

O: mid-posterior ulna and radius
I: base of 1st met
A: abducts thumb at CMC joint
I: posterior interosseous n.

82
Q

extensor pollicis brevis m. (EPB)

A

O: distal-posterior radius
I: proximal phalanx of 1st digit
A: extends MCP and CMC of thumb
I: posterior interosseous n.

83
Q

extensor pollicis longus m. (EPL)

A

O: mid-posterior ulna
I: distal phalanx of 1st digit
A: extends IP joint of thumb
I: posterior interosseous n.

84
Q

supinator m.

A

O: lateral epicondyle and proximal ulna
I: anterior-lateral proximal radius
A: supinates forearm
I: deep branch of radial n.

85
Q

extensor indices m.

A

O: distal-posterior ulna
I: extensor expansion of 2nd digit
A: extends 2nd digit
I: posterior interosseous n.

86
Q

radial n. –>

A
  • divides into deep and superfircial branches in cubital fossa
  • deep branch pierces supinator and becomes posterior interosseous n.
87
Q

anatomical snuff box borders

A

lateral: APL and EPB
medial: EPL
floor: scaphoid and trapezium
contents: radial a.
superificial branch of radial n. crosses over

88
Q

women have ____ carrying angle than men

A

larger

89
Q

radial collateral ligament

A
  • lateral

- prevents varus force

90
Q

ulnar collateral ligament

A
  • medial (3 bands)

- prevent valgus force

91
Q

annular ligament

A
  • holds radius

- permits supination/pronation

92
Q

superior brachial plexus injury –>

A
  • waiters tip

- musculocutaneous n. deficits

93
Q

inferior brachial plexus injury –>

A
  • ulnar n. deficits

- claw hand

94
Q

radial n. injury –>

A

wrist drop

95
Q

carpal bones

A 
scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform
trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate
96
Q

colles fracture

A

distal radius fracture

97
Q

palmaris brevis m.

A

aids in palmar grip

98
Q

abductor pollicis brevis m.

A

O: scaphoid and trapezium
I: proximal 1st phalanx
I: recurrent branch of median n.

99
Q

flexor pollicis brevis m.

A

O: scaphoid and trapezium
I: proximal 1st phalanx
superficial and deep heads
I: recurrent branch of median n.

100
Q

opponent pollicis m.

A

O: scaphoid and trapezium
I: 1st met
I: recurrent branch of median n.

101
Q

abductor digiti minimi m.

A

O: pisiform
I: proximal 5th phalanx
I: deep branch of ulnar n.

102
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis m.

A

O: hamate
I: proximal 5th phalanx
I: deep branch of ulnar n.

103
Q

opponens digiti minimi m.

A

O: hamate
I: 5th metacarpal
I: deep branch of ulnar n.

104
Q

adductor pollicis m.

A

O: 3rd met, base of 2nd/3rd met
I: base of proximal 1st phalanx
I: deep branch of ulnar n.

105
Q

lumbrical m.

A

O: tendons of FDP
I: extensor expansions
A: flex MCP and extends IP joints
I: median n. (1-2) and deep branch of ulnar n. (3-4)

106
Q

DAB/PAD

A

O: adjacent metacarpals
I: base of proximal phalanges
I: deep branch of ulnar n.

COMP EXAM (18 decks)

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