Motor Theories (Chapter 4)

Question 1

what are the two ways that movement is controlled?

Answer 1

1) dynamic system theory
2) motor program theory

Question 2

what is an open-loop motor control?

Answer 2

movemen control in beginners or when no time for changes during action

Question 3

what is a closed loop motor control?

Answer 3

movement conrol in skilled movers or when enough time for changes during action

Question 4

what is motor program?

Answer 4

1970

a specific movement plan for every movement

Question 5

what is generalized motor program (GMP)?

Answer 5

realizing that motor programs are general patterns of movement

one motor program for each category of movements

Question 6

what is a schema?

Answer 6

a set of rules developed through practice that helps to decide details of a GMP to solve a movement problem.

guides future attempts at that GMP

Question 7

what is long term memory ?

Answer 7

where the GMP’s are stored and retrieved when you decide to execute that movement

Question 8

how does a GMP manage variations?

Answer 8

changing parameters

• flexible dependign on situation
• modified from one performance to another
  ex: different ways to throw frisbee

Question 9

how does a GMP manage variations with invarient features?

Answer 9

invarient features: factors that stay the same when changes are having to be made

• fixed
• constant
• “fingerprint”
  ex: sequence of actions are the same for each frisbee throw

Question 10

what are the three types of schema?

Answer 10

1) schema- sunconscious information
2) recall schema- based on experience, what can be improved to better movement
3) recognition schema: determines correctness to update recall schema