Ch 9- Practice Designs & Goals

Question 1

what is the part practice method?

Answer 1

simplifies the skill

early success

increased motivation

practice on problem areas only

Question 2

what is the whole practice method?

Answer 2

learner practices the whole skill

timing and sequence of movement practiced

allows the learner to “see the big picture”

focus on process, not outcome

requires pateince by learner

requiresmotivation by leader

always recommemded for movements with both arms and legs

ex: swimming, crawling

Question 3

what is the difference between task complexitiy and task organization. What is the formulas to assist?

Answer 3

task complexity:

how many parts or subcomponents?

how much info processing?

high/low?

task organization:

does the performance of each part of the skill depend on the component that precedes it?

high/low?

formulas:

high complexity + low organization = part practice

low complexity + high organization = whole practice

Question 4

what are the 3 part methods to part practice?

Answer 4

segmentation

fractionization

simplification

Question 5

what is segmentation?

Answer 5

learner slowly builds pr “shapes” the final skill

5 tecniques to choose from:

1) part-whole method
2) progressive-part method
3) repetitive-part method
4) forward chaining
5) backward chaining

Question 6

what is fractionization?

Answer 6

parts are practiced independently and seperate from all other parts then put back together

more research needed on its effectiveness

positive transfer for movement of each limb different

Question 7

what is simplification and the 5 techniques to choose form?

Answer 7

practiced by reducing level of difficulty of skill (leader creatively makes it easier)

5 techniques:

1) modify equipment
2) reduce coordination requirements
3) change the environment’s complexity
4) use skill building actitvitites and lead up games
5) sequence from simple to complex

Question 8

what is spatial accuracy (right place)?

Answer 8

increase of speed, decrease in accuracy & vice versa

ex: agility ladder, texting, avoiding puddles

Question 9

what is temporal accuracy (right place & time) and forceful movements?

Answer 9

increase of speed, increase of accuracy (70% max speed)

ex: one timer in hockey moving puck, hitting tennis ball

Question 10

what is the to:by:format?

Answer 10

a way to make a goal

ex: to improve my free throw percentage by 10% in all November games by shooting 50 at end of every practice

Question 11

why is it important to set goals?

Answer 11

focus’ and motivates

encourages new skills and strategies

monitors progress

Question 12

what are the 4 types of goals?

Answer 12

SMART goal

outcome goal

process goal

performance goal

Question 13

what is a SMART goal?

Answer 13

specific

measurable

achievable

realistic

timely

Question 14

what is an outcome goal?

Answer 14

based on end results, after movement completed

results are compared to opponent

Question 15

what is a process goal?

Answer 15

based on technical or quality of movements during activity

can lead you to accomplish you “outcome” goals

Question 16

what is a performance goal?

Answer 16

based on self improvement

can be either “outcome” or “process” focused

Question 17

how can imagery be helpful?

Answer 17

as a preparatory strategy to enhance performance

in reducing/controlling anxiety and increasing self-confidence

in rehabilitation for pain management and healing

Question 18

what are the 6 imagery guidelines?

Answer 18

1) practice imagery everyday
2) avoid distractions
3) focus on familir situations/skills
4) create positive, vivid, and controllable images
5) focus on success and goal attainment
6) incorporate all senses in the imagery, to replicate an actual situation or environment