Motor Development

Question 1

Reflexes

Answer 1

Innate, fixed patterns of action that occur in response to particular stimulation.

Question 2

Grasping reflex

Answer 2

Kinderen sluiten hun vingers rondom iets dat tegen hun handpalm komt

Question 3

Rooting reflex

Answer 3

Baby turn their head in the direction of the touch and opening their mouth. Bijvoorbeeld als hun wang wordt aangeraakt.

Question 4

Sucking reflex

Answer 4

Oral contact with the nipple followed by the sucking reflex

Question 5

Tonic neck reflex

Answer 5

When the head turns or is turned to one side, the arm on that side of the body extends, while the arm and knee on the other side flex.

Question 6

Which reflex stay

Answer 6

Coughing, sneezing, blinking and withdrawing from pain.

Question 7

Early motor development results from a confluence of numerous factors:

Answer 7

Developing neural mechanisms
Increases in infants strength 
Posture control 
Balance 
Perceptual skills 
Changes in body proportions 
Motivation

Question 8

Stepping reflex

Answer 8

Infant lifts first en leg and then the other in a coordinated pattern like walking.

Question 9

Pre- reaching movements

Answer 9

Clumsy swiping movements by young infants toward the general vicinity of objects they see.

Question 10

Selflocomotion

Answer 10

The ability to move oneself around in the environment.

Question 11

Scale errors

Answer 11

The attempt by a young child to perform an action on a minitare object that is impossible due to the large discrepancy in the relative sizes of the child and the object.

Question 12

Differentiation

Answer 12

is de extractie van de constant veranderlijke stimuli uit de omgeving, die invariant of stabiel zijn, bijvoorbeeld een boos gezicht met een boos geluid.

Question 13

Affordances

Answer 13

houden de mogelijkheden in voor acties, door middel van bepaalde objecten en situaties.

Question 14

Statistisch leren

Answer 14

Het simpelweg oppikken van informatie vanuit de omgeving, door middel van associaties die ontstaan tussen stimuli in een statistisch voorspelbaar patroon.

Question 15

Classical conditioning

Answer 15

A form of learning that consist of associating an initially neutral stimulus with a stimulus that always evokes a particular reflexive response.

Question 16

Conditioning borstvoeding

The nipple

Answer 16

Unconditioned stimulus USC

Question 17

Borstvoeding conditioning

The sucking reflex

Answer 17

Unconditioned response UCR

Question 18

Borstvoeding conditioning

De borst of fles

Answer 18

conditioned stimulus (CS)

in classical conditioning, the neutral stimulus that is repeatedly paired with the unconditioned stimulus

Question 19

Borstvoeding conditioning

Learned behavior

Answer 19

conditioned response (CR)

in classical conditioning, the originally reflexive response that comes to be elicited by the conditioned stimulus

Question 20

Instrumental/ operante conditionering

Answer 20

Learning the relation between one own behavior and the consequences that result from it

Question 21

Positive reinforcement

Answer 21

A reward that reliable follow a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated

Question 22

Rational learning

Answer 22

The ability to use prior experiences to predict what will occur in the future

Question 23

Active learning

Answer 23

learning by acting on the world, rather than passively observing objects and events