More Cells Flashcards
Simple diffusion
First type of transportation, A process in which molecules move from an area of high concentration to low without the need of a carrier molecule or energy input. Occurs down the concentration gradient.
Channel protein
Transfers anything water soluble through cell membrane.
Carrier protein
Facilitates movement of specific molecules or ions across the membrane.
Facilitated diffusion
- Does not require energy in form of ATP
- Along concentration gradient
- High concentration to low.
Active Transport
- Active facilitated transport/vesicular transport
-Requires energy in form of ATP - Against concentration gradient
- low concentration to high
- BOTH: Require protein
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate (primary energy carrier for various cellular processes)
Functions
- Physical barrier separates cytoplasm and extracellular fluid
- Regulates message of materials in and out of cell
- Support cell
- Sensitive to changes
Differentially permeable
Allows certain substances to pass through while restricting the passage of others.
Endocytosis
Cellular process in which a cell engulfs external materials by forming a vesicle around them.
Exocytosis
A cellular process where the cell releases molecules or particles from its interior to external environment.
Homeostasis
The process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment. (Keeping things just right even when things change outside)
Osmosis
The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower concentration of solute to a higher concentration of solute. Until equilibrium is reached
Osmotic Pressure
The pressure exerted by the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane to equalise the concentration of solute on both sides.
Phagocytosis
A cellular “eating” process where a cell engulfs solid particles like bacteria or foreign materials. Wraps its cell membrane around them to form a vesicle.
Pinocytosis
Cellular process where a cell takes in fluids and dissolved substances by engulfing them into small vesicles formed from its cell membrane. “Cell drinking”
