Cells Innit Flashcards
Cell Membrane
The outer boundary of the cell that separates it from neighbouring cells and from the external environment. Made up of a double layer of lipid molecules (phospholipid bilayer) and associated proteins. Determines which substances get into or out a cell.
Golgi body
Flattened membranous bags stacked on top of each other. Modify proteins and package them in vesicles for secretion from the cell.
Mitochondria
The powerhouse of the cell. Spherical structures spread through the cytoplasm. Releases energy for the cell through the process of respiration.
Nucleus
Usually ovoid or spherical. Contains genetic material, mostly DNA. Seperated from cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane. Membrane has nuclear pores through which large molecules can pass.
Nucleulous
Composed mainly of RNA. The DNA and nucleolus are suspended in nucleoplasm.
Cytoplasm
Thick fluid within the cell membrane and all the structures (organelles) suspended in it.
Centrioles
A pair of cylindrical structures usually located near the nucleus; involved in the reproduction of the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Pairs of parallel membranes extending through the cytoplasm and connecting the cel membrane with the nuclear membrane.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
When ribosomes are attached to the outside of some membranes
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
When there are no ribosomes attached to the outside.
Ribosomes
Synthesize proteins
Cytoskeleton
Consists of micro filaments and micro tubules that give the cell its shape and assist the movement of materials, organelles or the whole cell.
Lysosomes
Small spheres that contain enzymes able to break down proteins, lipids nucleic acids and some carbohydrates l.
