morality

Question 1

what can change a persons morality

Answer 1

politics,
religion
culture
economics

Question 2

what does the social learning approach say about morality

Answer 2

internalised social values
adults teach children about normas behaviour in rewards punishments

Question 3

who created the social learning apprach

Answer 3

bandura 1991

Question 4

what is cognitive development approach

Answer 4

humans need cognitive abilities to have morality Kohlber 1984

Question 5

what does the cognitive development approach not explain

Answer 5

emotions and morality
why adults act childish
how morals reason immorality
situational factors

Question 6

what further research needs doing

Answer 6

evolutionary approach
biological drive to act moral and punish those who dont

Question 7

what did killen and smetana 2006 say about children

Answer 7

as kids become socialised and cognitive skills so improvements in morally relevant cognition

Question 8

what are the moral processes that show inane morality

Answer 8

moral goodness,
evaluation,
retribution

Question 9

what does it mean by moral goodness/ altruism

Answer 9

new borns show reactions to peoples suffering
infants use emotions with active prosocial behaviour
spontaneous primate relatives

Question 10

what is moral understanding and evaluation

Answer 10

infants positively evaluate those who cooperate and negatively evaluate who don’t
Ham + Wyn + bloom

Question 11

what is retribution

Answer 11

<2year old direct own antisocial behaviours appropriately

2011

Question 12

define natural selection

Answer 12

animals with the best genes for survival within that area will pass gene on and weaker ones die out

Question 13

morality and natural selection

Answer 13

animals liking groups were more likely to survive as it gave them food and protection,
people who had genes promoting group attachment would survive

Question 14

what is the fundamental social dilemma

Answer 14

Although members
of a group can obtain a better life by cooperating with others than living solely,
they could gain even more rewards if they are able to live in these groups but give
less and take more

Question 15

what is group selection

Answer 15

groups with stronger survival qualities would be more
likely to outcompete other groups and pass on their genes. On a group
level, morality allows groups to work together and achieve more.

Question 16

how to secure group selection

Answer 16

people need to be able to resolve social dilemmas
and this can be done through inherent prosocial dispositions.

Question 17

what 3 unselfish behaviours did Darwin say high functioning animals inhearit

Answer 17

obedience to authority,
cooperation,
altruism

Question 18

what is meant by deference

Answer 18

bigger more dominant animal will be allowed more food befitting both party’s

Question 19

how does deference benefit both party’s

Answer 19

weaker chimpanzees still benefited for leadership and dispute intervention
Haslam 1997

Question 20

what does cooperation mean

Answer 20

members of society have predispositions to solve conflict in cooperative ways

Question 21

examples of solving conflicts within cooperation

Answer 21

concrete reciprocity
indirect reciprocity
long term social investment

Question 22

what is altruism

Answer 22

no strategist states that animals behave in ways showing that they would forgo their fitness for others

Question 23

how do biological altruistic strategies can evolve in ?

Answer 23

sexual selection,
kin selection,
group selection

Question 24

how would animals insure group selection

Answer 24

prosocial disposition by invoking tactics like begging, reward punishment approval an disgust through facial expressions

Question 25

who cited the group seletion theory

Answer 25

de waals 1991

Question 26

what role does emotions play in morality

Answer 26

moral judgement based on rationality

haidt 2012

Question 27

what part does disgust play

Answer 27

deters us from dangerous activities

Question 28

examples of disgust

Answer 28

repulsion to incest apart of inbreeding
leierman 2003
closer relatives more repulsion
kre 2018
women find incest more repulsive then men

Question 29

what did a study show anger play

Answer 29

showed Hollywood clips
ppt displeased when injustice is forgiven
greater preference for clips where injustics was punished

Question 30

example of moral anger

Answer 30

cheating evolved from punishing those who violate social contracts
group members that transgress less likely to survive

Question 31

who did the study on anger and what year

Answer 31

haidt and sabini 2000

Question 32

what does embarrassment play into morals

Answer 32

promote appeasement to submit
feeling guilty reduces behaviour
more likely in presence of higher status
haidt 2003

Question 33

how does same affect morals

Answer 33

displaying shame minimises chances of revenge from dominant others lowering cost of perpetrate

Question 34

how does guilt affect morals

Answer 34

when people feel they haven’t lived up their there obligation to others
stillwell 94
violation of communal relationships
haidt 2003

Question 35

how does gratitude effect morals

Answer 35

benefactor has enhanced anothers wellbeing
reinforcing prosocial behaviours
larson 2001