Moral Development Flashcards

1
Q

What are Piaget’s two stages of moral development

A

Heteronomous and Autonomous

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2
Q

What do is ethnological research on moral behaviour show

A

Human morality has an evolutionary basis

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3
Q

Both psychoanalytic theory and social learning theory view moral development as a matter of

A

internalisation of societal standards

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4
Q

Induction where an adult points out misbehaviour is

A

promotes conscience formation as early as 2 years

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5
Q

What Freudian concept is support by current research on moral development

A

Guilt as a motivator

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6
Q

Modelling of prosocial behaviour

A

Is highly influential in the early years

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7
Q

Research on ethnic differences in the use of physical punishment suggests that mild physical punishment

A

Has different consequences in different cultural settings

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8
Q

Cognitive development theorists believe that moral development occurs through

A

Construction - attending to different aspects of a situation

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9
Q

According to Piaget _ facilitates transition to autonomous moralitiy

A

Peer interactions and release from adult control

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10
Q

Research evaluating Piaget’s theory shows that ______

A

Underestimate the moral capacities of younger children

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11
Q

When a child responds with he shouldn’t have done it because he might have to go to jail what stage is the child in

A

Preconventional - external control

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12
Q

What does research show about Kohlberg’s’ stages

A

Cognitive and perspective taking attainments are necessary but not sufficient

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13
Q

Research shows that moral reasoning only advances in late adolesence when

A

a person remains in school - extension to entire political and cultural groups.

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14
Q

What is true of moral reasoning and Moral behaviour

A

Moral reasoning strongly predicts moral behaviour.

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15
Q

What is the main criticism of Kohberg’s stages

A

It inadequately accounts for moral reasoning in real life. - Stages 5 and 6 are quite rare

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16
Q

How do children as young as 3 or 4 view the breaking of different moral conventions

A

They judge moral violations more harshly than violations of social convention

17
Q

What is distributive Justice

A

Beliefs about how to divide material goods fairly

18
Q

What are children’s ideas on distributive justice in middle childhood based on

19
Q

What are the three stages of distributive justice

A

Strict equality, Merit, Equity and benevolence

20
Q

Between 12 and 18 months what is the first form of self-control evidenced

A

Compliance

21
Q

What is hot processing

A

Simple, reflexive, fast emotional.

22
Q

What are the two types of aggression identified

A

Proactive - act to fulfill desire, Reactive, hostile; angry and defensive

23
Q

When a child is exluded from a social group what form of aggression is this

A

relational

24
Q

How does aggression change from 3-6 years

A

pysical aggression decreases but verbal aggression increases

25
How does gender effect aggression in adolescence
Gender gap in physical aggression widens
26
Highly aggressive children are likely to ___
become aggressive later. Aggression that first appears in adolescence is less an indicator.
27
How do aggressive children view hostile intent
They often see it when it doesn't exist
28
Which approach to reduce aggression does not work
Zero tolerance policies