Information Processing Perspective Flashcards
Information-processing study cognition in order to uncover
mechanisms of change
What 3 parts of the mental system does the store model propose
Sensory, short term memory; long term memory
What are mental strategies
operate on and transform information in order to retain information
In the information-processing process how is new information treated
encoded, recoded, decoded
Which component of the mental system has the most storage capacity
long-term memory
Connectionists models suggest
Strengthening of connections leads to new capabilities - gradual learning can seem stage like
Combination of isolated schemes thus moving from concrete to formal operations stage is called __________
central conceptual structures
What does Case’s neo-Piagetian theory propose
Accepts Piaget’s changes but attribute them to increased efficiency with working memory
What does Seigler’s model of strategy choice propose
An evolutionary perspective - variety of strategies and some are selected while others die off.
What does cognitive inhibition influence
Keeping working memory clear
Children show future-orientated behaviour, the foundation of planning ability when:
early infancy
Research suggests that _______ deficits underlie ADHD symptoms
deficient executive processing (central executive directs flow of information)
What is elaboration
Creating a relationship or shared meaning between information
What are 3 strategies used to retrieve information
recognition, recall, reconstruction
What is gist
memory that contains essential meaning but not the details
What is a script in memory
Episodic memory - what occurs and when
Why are scripts useful
Can help predict future events
Children exposed to the ____style of adult prompting remember more about past events
episodic
What is understood about preschool eyewitness memory
More likely to create verbatim memories which are more easily forgotten than gist memories than older children
What is cognitive self-regulation
Monitoring and redirecting towards achievement of goals.
How can parents foster cognitive self-regulation
Suggesting effective strategies and emphasising self-correction
What is the best method to teach reading
Mixture of phonics and whole-language
What is ordinality
order relationships between quantiites eg 3is more than 2 which is more than 1
What is cardinality
The quantity of items in a set
What is a major strength of the information processing approach
A breaking down of complex cognitive activities into components
