Family Flashcards
Current historical functions of the family
Reproduction, socialisation, emotional support
Social sytem researcher’s view the family as
A set of interacting relationships influenced by the larger social context
Postponing childbearing into late 20s or 30s effects transition to parenthood how?
Eases transition
Give an example of an informal social network
Friends and neighbours
Often criticise appearance and behaviour make most decisions for the child, and expect the child to obey without question. What parenting style?
Authoritarian
Describe affects of authoritarian child-rearing style
Do poorly in school commit fewer antisocial acts unhappy and low self-esteem, boys are especially show a high rates of anger in defiance
Which style is characterised by indifference in matters of child-rearing.
Uninvolved
Define coregulation
Parents exercise general oversight while letting children take charge of moment-by-moment decision-making - middle childhood
Most researchers studying parents-influence on children’s development believe
Though not the sole influence, exert a profound influence on child development
What is the main striving in adolescents
Striving for autonomy
What are the two major components of autonomy?
Emotional: Reliance moron oneself and less on parents. Behavioural: making decisions independently
What personal qualities do lower social and economic status parents value
Obedience and politeness (external characteristics)
What do higher SES parents value?
Psychological qualities such as curiosity, happiness self direction, cognitive and social maturity.
Why do children from affluent families evidence more substance abuse, anxiety depression and lower school grades
As a group, wealthy parents are nearly as physically and emotionally unavailable as parents coping with financial strain.
What benefits can extended family households provide for children?
Can safeguard children’s development amidst stressful life conditions
How do sibling relationships change during adolescence?
Relationships become less intense as the siblings become more involved with relationships outside the family
How does adopted children’s development differ from biological children’s?
More likely than non-adopted peers to have more learning and emotional difficulties
Which group make up the largest proportion of never married singles in the US
African-American young women
What is the overriding factor in positive adjustment following divorce?
Effective parenting
Which gender responds best to mother stepfather families
boys
Why do girls not respond as well as boys in a mother-stepfather family
Disruption of close ties between daughter and mother
What is the most common form of child maltreatment
neglect
What are the four forms of Child maltreatment
Physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, emotional abuse
A gentle mother disciplines the child with warmth but firmness as a result the child responds with directives and as a result of compliance continues to be firm and warm. What is the term for this?
Bidirectional influence
In the authoritarian parenting style, what is psychological control?
Attempt to make every decision for the child, frequently criticise ideas decisions and choice of friends, holds impossibly high expectations, when disappointed withdraws love and affection
How does birth order and family size affect IQ?
Longitudinal studies found that children’s IQ did not decline was later birth order however the larger the family the lower the IQ of all siblings
What is the possible link between large families and lower IQ
Mothers of lower IQ tend to have large families thus there is a possible genetic link
What does research show about one child families
Children from one child families are not spoiled but have higher self-esteem, do better in school and have as many high-quality friendships.
Which age group is most likely to display anxious fearful or angry, defiant reactions upon parent’s divorce
Preschool and early school-aged children
What is research suggests about outcomes for sons of divorced parents
More favourable when the father is the custodial parent
Which of the following children is likely to adjust quickly and positively to a mother-stepfather family? Susie an adolescent Tommy, an adolescent Alex, a preschooler Zoe, a fourth grader
Alex, boys tend to adjust more quickly, adolescents act out more
What it is strongly associated with Child maltreatment
Psychological disturbance, drug abuse, history of abuse as a child, poverty, abuse of mother by husband or boyfriend.
