Molecular Genetics Flashcards
0
Q
Deoxy riobse vs ribose
A
Deoxyribose is missing an OH
1
Q
Nucleoside vs nucleotide
A
Nucleoside has a 1. Sugar 2. Base
Nucleotide has a 1. Sugar 2. Base and 3.PHOSPHATE(1 2 or 3)
2
Q
Purines vs pyrimidines
A
- pyrumidines are the smaller ones (CUT thr PY)
- purines are bigger
3
Q
DNA
A
- double helix
- watson crick basepairing: A+T and G+C by hydrogen bonding
- the G+C is stronger because there’s three hydrogen bonds
- every basepairn has one purine interacting with one pyrimidine
4
Q
DNA Double Helix
A
- strands run in opposite directions (anti-parallel)
- strands are complementary
5
Q
What holds a single strand of DNA together?
A
-phosphodiester bond (covalent bond)
6
Q
What holds two strands to eachother?
A
Hydrogen bonding
7
Q
Interactions between the bases that dont pair together
A
Hydrophobic interactions
8
Q
Prokaryotes chromosomal organization
A
- bacteria
- one circular chromosome
- way less DNA then a eukaryote much smaller genome
- supercoiled
- DNA is in the cytoplasm
9
Q
Eukaryotes chromosomal organization
A
- linear
- have msny chromosomes
- humans have 23 sets of chromosomes
- way more DNA much larger genome
- wrap it around as a ball to make a histone
- DNA is in the nucleus
- have centromeres and telomeres
10
Q
Telomeres
A
-Very ends of the chromosomes
11
Q
Centromere
A
- plays a role during cell division
- it is what the spindle fibers attach to
