Molecular Diagnostic Testing Textbook Questions Flashcards
Which is associated only with RNA synthesis?
a. Promoter
b. Cytosine
c. S phase
d. Primer
a. Promoter
The speed at which nucleic acids migrate in gel electrophoresis is determined by which property?
a. Charge
b. Fluorescence
c. Absorption
d. Size
d. Size
What is the function of restriction endonucleases?
a. They splice short DNA pieces together.
b. They cleave DNA at specific sites.
c. They make RNA copies of DNA.
d. They make DNA copies from RNA.
b. They cleave DNA at specific sites.
Which of the following techniques uses RNA-guided enzymes?
a. Microarray
b. CRISPR
c. Immunohistochemistry
d. Restriction fragment mapping
b. CRISPR
To what does in situ hybridization refer?
a. Probes react with intact cells within tissues.
b. Probes are protected from degradation if hybridized.
c. RNA polymerase copies messenger RNA.
d. Hybridization takes place in solution.
a. Probes react with intact cells within tissues.
Which probe sequence will hybridize to 5′AGTCGATCGATGC3′?
a. 5′TCAGCTAGCTACG3′
b. 5′GCATCGATCGACT3′
c. 5′AGTCGATCGATGC3′
d. 5′CGTAGCTAGCTGA3′
b. 5′GCATCGATCGACT3′
Which best describes the principle of microarrays?
a. Arrays contain multiple unlabeled probes on a solid support.
b. Arrays contain multiple copies of one unique probe.
c. The sample is labeled with a fluorescent tag.
d. Hybridization is detected by the presence of radioactivity.
a. Arrays contain multiple unlabeled probes on a solid support.
Which best describes PCR?
a. Probes are joined by a ligating enzyme.
b. RNA copies of the original DNA are made.
c. Extender probes are used to detect a positive reaction.
d. Primers are used to make multiple DNA copies.
d. Primers are used to make multiple DNA copies.
During PCR, what happens in the annealing step?
a. The primers bind to the target DNA.
b. Strands are separated by heating.
c. An RNA copy is made.
d. Protein is made from the DNA strands.
a. The primers bind to the target DNA.
What is the purpose of an amplification control in qPCR?
a. To avoid false positives
b. To ensure accuracy of target detection
c. To avoid contamination
d. To avoid false negatives
d. To avoid false negatives
Which technique is based on RNA amplification?
a. PCR
b. TMA
c. dPCR
d. SDA
b. TMA
Which is used in Sanger sequencing?
a. UNG
b. ddNTP
c. ePCR
d. FRET
b. ddNTP
What type of signal is generated in pyrosequencing?
a. Light
b. Fluorescence
c. Ionic conductance
d. Color
a. Light
What is an NGS sequencing library?
a. A database of clinically significant sequences
b. A collection of software programs used for sequence analysis
c. A collection of short templates to be sequenced simultaneously
d. A list of all variants found in a sequencing run
c. A collection of short templates to be sequenced simultaneously
In NGS, what is coverage?
a. The percentage of sequences carrying a variant
b. The number of genes sequenced
c. The number of times a region is sequenced
d. The percentage of the genome represented
c. The number of times a region is sequenced
